Properties of nanofibrillated cellulose from different raw materials and its reinforcement potential

Zimmermann, Tanja; Bordeanu, Nicolae; Strub, Esther

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.10.045

Cited by 475 publications

(252 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Zimmermann et al (2010) found that the choice of a proper pretreatment was a key factor in reducing the final price of CNF production. Spence et al (2011) studied the energy consumption and physical properties of CNFs produced by different processing methods, finding that the fabrication cost of CNFs could be lower than some plastics typically used in packaging if fiber pretreatment and mechanical processing were optimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaching a Low-Cost Production of Cellulose Nanofibers for Papermaking Applications

Delgado-Aguilar¹,

Tovar²,

Farrés³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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The use of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) as an additive in papermaking is an attractive alternative to improve paper's strength. However, the costs of CNF production need to be competitive compared to other approaches aimed at reducing mechanical beating. Five different types of CNFs were prepared following different pretreatments: TEMPO-mediated oxidation at basic and neutral conditions, soft acid hydrolysis, enzymatic treatment, and mechanical beating. All of the pretreated fibers were later passed through a high-pressure homogenizer. The resulting CNFs were each applied to a papermaking pulp to investigate their reinforcing ability. Results indicated that the TEMPO-oxidized CNFs offered the highest increase at the same nanofiber content compared to the other types of CNFs. However, an analysis of the cost of increasing paper's breaking length by 75% indicated that TEMPO-oxidized CNFs were more expensive than the other CNF grades, whereas CNFs from mechanical and acid pretreatment offered similar increases at lower prices. The results indicated that CNFs of high fibrillation degree were not necessary to induce dramatic increases in paper strength. This finding offers a new possibility for the escalation of CNF production to industrial levels with competitive prices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaching a Low-Cost Production of Cellulose Nanofibers for Papermaking Applications

Delgado-Aguilar¹,

Tovar²,

Farrés³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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“…The effect of cellulosic fibers on the compressive strength of fiber Generally, the higher molecular weight of a polymer causes its higher mechanical strength it has been found that strength properties decrease with decreasing degree of polymerization of the cellulose [23] because structural changes in cellulose h the mechanical properties of cellulosic fibers. Dependence of cellulose degree of polymerization on resulting values of compressive strength of fiber cement composites is shown in Fig.6.…”

Section: Characterization Of Composite Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cement Materials Based on Cellulosic Fibers for Plasters

Hospodárová

Števulová

Junak

et al. 2017

Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering

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This paper presents physical and mechanical properties of cementitious composites/plasters containing cellulosic fibers in portion 2.0% and 5.0% of filler replacement after 28 days of hardening. Cellulosic fibers (Greencel) originated from bleached wood pulp and unbleached waste paper used in this experimental work were characterized from the point of view cellulose structure. Experimental investigations reveal that adding cellulosic fibers reduces composites density (up to 8.2 %) in comparison with composites without any fibers. Moreover, the presence of wood pulp and recycled fibers in composites cause higher values of water absorbability than sample without fibers. Also, the decrease in compressive strength values for tested fiber cement plasters was observed (14.1 -18.0 MPa) in comparison to reference sample (26.6 MPa). But the identified compressive strength values are in accordance with European standard (5 MPa) for plasters.

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“…최근 식물 세포벽으로부터 마이 크로피브릴을 분리하여 섬유복합재료의 보강재로 사용하 기 위한 연구가 활발하다 [6][7][8]. 마이크로피브릴은 리파이닝 (refining)이나 호모게나이징(homogenizing)과 같은 기계적 처리를 통해 식물 세포벽으로부터 분리하여 나노크기의 마 이크로피브릴화 셀룰로스(microfibrillated cellulose, MFC) 의 형태로 제조하거나, 정제과정을 거쳐 미세결정셀룰로스 (microcrystalline cellulose, MCC)의 형태로 제조할 수 있 다 [9][10][11]. 특히 최근의 극세화와 경량화 제품개발 경향에 따라 나노소재에 대한 관심이 매우 높아졌고, 섬유복합재 료의 보강재로 MCC나 MFC를 통해 나노크기를 갖도록 제 조된 셀룰로스 나노섬유(cellulose nanofiber, CNF)가 적용 되고 있다 [12].…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Structure and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Composites Using Microcrystalline Cellulose Nanofibers

Lee¹,

Yoon²,

Kim³

et al. 2013

Textile Science and Engineering

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In this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), that is, nanosized cellulose fibers, are manufactured from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by using a high-pressure homogenizer. The CNFs are used as reinforcing materials for thermoplastic composites. Polyamide (PA6) and polylactic acid (PLA) fibers are employed as the matrix in the thermoplastic composites. With an increase in the operation pass number and pressure of the homogenizer, the specific surface area (SSA) of the CNFs increases and the crystalline index (CI) decreases. After 30 passes of MCC through the homogenizer, the SSA increases from 257.2 m 2 /g to 787.1 m 2 /g, and the CI decreases from 0.78 to 0.70. The tensile strength of the CNF/PA6 composite is higher than that of the CNF/PLA composite. On the other hand, the modulus of the CNF/PLA composite is higher than that of the CNF/PA6 composite. As the CNF content in the composite increases, the total thickness of composite decreases but the tensile strength increases. The CNF/PA6 (3:7) composite has the maximum tensile strength (21.5 MPa) among the samples considered in this study.

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Properties of nanofibrillated cellulose from different raw materials and its reinforcement potential

Cited by 475 publications

References 29 publications

Approaching a Low-Cost Production of Cellulose Nanofibers for Papermaking Applications

Approaching a Low-Cost Production of Cellulose Nanofibers for Papermaking Applications

Cement Materials Based on Cellulosic Fibers for Plasters

Structure and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Composites Using Microcrystalline Cellulose Nanofibers

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