Properties of Guinea Pig 7s Antibodies

Several classes of well characterized immunoglobulins are known in human and other animal species. Although antibodies of all classes of immunoglobulins combine with the antigen, they differ greatly in their activity in various immunologic phenomena which have requirements in addition to the combination of antigen and antibody.Only antibodies of a few immunoglobulin classes have been shown to be active in sensitizing skin. Furthermore, it has been reported that the antibody which sensitizes homologous skin is not necessarily the one which sensitizes heterologous skin. Thus, although human IgA antibody has been associated with reagin or antibody capable of sensitizing human skin (1-5), it did not sensitize guinea pig skin (6, 7). In contrast, human IgG antibody did not sensitize human skin but sensitized guinea pig skin. IgM antibody did not sensitize either skin (6, 7). Similar observations were made with guinea pig antibodies (8, 9) and with mouse antibodies (10-12).We have previously shown (13) that in rabbits antibody activity against simple haptenic groups is found in at least 3 classes of immunoglobulins, 7S T-globulin (IgG), 18S ~/1-or/~rmacroglobulin (IgM), and a/3t-globulin (IgA). IgG and IgM antibodies were isolated and characterized for physical, chemical, and immunologic properties (14, 15). Rabbit IgA antibody, which was found in only a few antisera, was shown to be similar to human IgA globulin in physical and antigenic properties relative to the other immunoglobulins. The results of gel filtration and nltracentrifugation indicated that rabbit IgA antibody is associated with a 9S globulin and possibly also with a 7S globutin (13).In the present study, the presence of 9S and 7S IgA antibody in rabbits was shown clearly by isolating them by gel filtration and chromatography from specificaUy purified antibody against the p-azobenzenearsonate group (Rp). In addition to physical and antigenic properties, skin-sensitizing activity in homologous (rabbits) and heterologous species (guinea pigs) was studied with 9S IgA, 7S IgA, IgM, and IgG antibodies. The results indicated that, in homologous species, the skin-sensitizing activity was shown by 7S IgA antibody, but not by 9S IgA antibody. The activity of IgG antibody was very low and IgM antibody did not sensitize rabbit skin. In contrast, IgG antibody was the most active in sensitizing skin of the heterologous species. Materials and MethodsAntisera.--Antisera against the p-azobenzenearsonate (Rp) group were obtained from rabbits immunized by intravenous injections of a p-azobenzenearsonate-bovine "/-globulin conjugate (16). Injections and bleedings were repeated weekly. Sera were collected during a period of 6 to 12 months, pooled, and used for the preparation of antibodies. Horse antiserum against rabbit globulin (horse anti-RG) (13), sheep antiserum against the whole macroglobulin fraction of normal rabbit serum (sheep anti-RMG) (14), and guinea pig antiserum against normal rabbit IgG (GP anti-IgG) (14) were the same antisera as those used in previous stu...

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…IgM antibody did not sensitize either skin (6,7). Similar observations were made with guinea pig antibodies (8,9) and with mouse antibodies (10)(11)(12).…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

ISOLATION OF RABBIT IGA ANTIHAPTEN ANTIBODY AND DEMONSTRATION OF SKIN-SENSITIZING ACTIVITY IN HOMOLOGOUS SKIN

Onoue

Yagi

Pressman

1966

“…Antisera were subjected to starch block electrophoresis (20), and "/a-and 5'~-regions were identified by immunoelectrophoresis and by the serological properties of 5'x-and T~-antibodies (4,21).…”

Section: Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis Larvae Were Supplied By Dr R mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rabbit anti-BSA antisera contained 4.0-6.5 mg antibody protein per ml; rat antisera contained 0.5 to 1.6 mg antihapten antibody per nil. Passive hemagglutination, passive immune hemolysis, and complement fixation tests were performed as previously described (21).…”

Section: Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis Larvae Were Supplied By Dr R mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies Involved in Antigen-Induced Release of Slow Reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis (Srs-A) in the Guinea Pig and Rat

Stechschulte

Austen

Bloch

1967

Self Cite

100

The antigen-induced release of SRS-A and histamine was studied in the guinea pig and rat using whole and fractionated antiserum preparations. Guinea pig 7Sγ1-antibody sensitized sliced guinea pig lung tissue for antigen-induced release of both SRS-A and histamine; neither substance was released from lung tissue prepared with 7Sγ1-antibody. Rats injected intraperitoneally with hyperimmune rabbit or rat antiserum released only SRS-A in significant amounts when challenged with antigen by the same route. A definite time interval between the injection of antiserum and challenge with antigen was required for optimal release of SRS-A. Fractionation of rat antiserum demonstrated that the immunoglobulin responsible for most of the SRS-A release from rat peritoneal tissue was a γG-antibody or fraction thereof. Acting in this capacity, the γG-antibody or its subfraction may be considered a second type of homocytotropic antibody. Fractions of rat antisera containing the first type of homocytotropic antibody, i.e. antibody mediating release of histamine and serotonin, prepared peritoneal tissues for the release of large amounts of these pharmacological agents and only small amounts of SRS-A. Two different mechanisms for the production of PCA lesions in the rat were considered. One of these involves the antigen-induced release of histamine and serotonin from mast cells sensitized by homocytotropic antibody. This reaction has an optimal latent period of 24–72 hr. The second mechanism involves the local combination of antigen with "hyperimmune" heterologous or homologous antisera. This reaction can be elicited after a latent period of 4 but not 24 hr; host complement and leukocyte lysosomal enzymes, as well as SRS-A, may be involved.

“…There are other cutaneous immunological reactions in which a role of complement has been postulated; one of these is the reverse passive Arthus reaction (RPAR), so far studied in the rat (12), rabbit (13,14), guinea pig (7,10,15), and mouse (16). The R_PAR has been differentiated from PCA by its histopathology, is caused by aggregates of antigen and antibody, and does not involve the fixation of antibody to cells (17,18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Complement in the Passive Cutaneous Reaction of Mice

Ben-Efraim

Cinader

1964

Insight into the consequences of the in vivo interaction between antigen and antibody depends on the analysis of systems in which relatively simple chains of reactions can be studied. One such system is passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), an immediate type of skin reaction (1, 2), which is initiated by a combination between antigen and cell-fixed antibody in the skin and characterized by increased permeability of the walls of minute blood vessels in the skin. The first of the events leading to this increase in permeability is the attachment of antibody to cells in the intradermally injected site of the skin (3-7). The next event is the attachment of antigen to the fixed antibody. After this a series of further reactions culminates in increased permeability of blood vessels. The question arises as to what these further reactions arc, and, in particular, whether complement is involved in them. So far, most attempts to elucidate this question were based on experiments with animals in which the circulating level of complement was reduced experimentally. Such reduction can be caused by systemic injection of antigen-antibody precipitates before the injection of the reactants, leading to PCA (8-10). Another approach has been based on chemical modifications of antigen which result in reduced complement fixation by the complex of antigen and antibody. On the basis of such experiments it was concluded that complement is involved in PCA of the rat (8, 9), but not of mice (11).The role of complement in PCA of the guinea pig was examined by a third type of analysis: it is possible to separate antibody into a fraction which fixes complement and another which does not. Experiments with such preparations are consistent with the view that complement is not involved in PCA of the guinea pig (10).There are other cutaneous immunological reactions in which a role of complement has been postulated; one of these is the reverse passive Arthus reaction (RPAR), so far studied in the rat (12), rabbit (13,14), guinea pig (7,10,15), and mouse (16). The R_PAR has been differentiated from PCA by its histopathology, is caused by aggregates of antigen and antibody, and does not involve the fixation of antibody to cells (17,18). It is thus characterized by the fact that it can be elicited by antigen, administered simultaneously with the intradermaliy injected antibody. Unlike PCA, R_PAR does not depend on the fixation of antibody on cellular sites. In the context of our present