Properties of fullerene‐containing natural rubber

Abstract

Addition of fullerene in concentration between 0.065 and 0.75 phr increases Schob elasticity, hardness, and modulus of NR-based rubber. There is no substantial influence of fullerene on T g , tan ␦, and G-modulus all evaluated by DMA at twisting within a temperature range Ϫ150 to Ϫ50°C (glassy state). At temperatures between 0 and 150°C (rubbery state) it is different, namely an increase in modulus and some changes in the slope of segments in G(T) curves were observed. It could be resulted from additional strong physical junctions of the rubber network. This suggests the growth of degradation energies of the branching junctions and related rise in the aging resistance as concentration of fullerene increases. Simultaneously, it could be expected some reduction of tire temperature at service. Because of this, introduction of fullerene could be reasonable for tread rubbers in case of reduction of its price. Permittivity and dielectric loss angle are correlated with fullerene concentration. Compounding technology when fullerene dispersed within carbon black is mixed with raw rubber on available machines could be easily implemented in the industry.

Adhesion and Friction of Polymers

“…This is especially pronounced with nanoclays and carbon nanomaterials. 84,85 It is clearly proved at relatively low contents of the nanofiller. One of the main reasons for this is strong adsorptive interaction of macromolecules with rather developed filler surface, and also polymer transition to some particular conditions with constricted molecular mobility.…”

Polymer Nanocomposites with Thermoplastic Matrices—Processing and Tribology

“…This is especially pronounced with nanoclays and carbon nanomaterials. [12,21,125,126] It has been clearly proven at relatively low contents of the nanofiller (usually from a few tenths per cent to a few per cent by weight). One of the main reasons for this is the strong adsorptive interactions of macromolecules with the extensive, often appropriately modified filler surface, and also the polymer transition to some particular conditions of "an interphase layer" with constricted molecular mobility.…”

Effect of fullerenes on the structure and properties of linear and crosslinked polyesterurethane ureas

“…It is because the tensile strength, thermal stability, gas permeability, electrical conductivity, and resistance to ionizing radiation can change under their influence. [3][4][5][6][7][8] They are inhibitors of the thermal and thermooxidative degradation, 9 what is explained by interaction with macroradicals resulting in stable products. 10 By using functional polymers to react with fullerenes, or synthesizing polymers in the presence of fullerenes, various kinds of polymeric fullerenes can be prepared: side-chain polymers, main-chain polymers, dendritic fullerenes, star-shaped polymers, fullerene endcapped polymers, etc.…”