Properties of flacherie virus of the silkworm, Bombyx mori

Himeno, Michio; Onodera, Kônoshin; Tanami, Yoh

doi:10.1016/0022-2011(74)90180-3

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The iflavirus infection process is still not well understood and seems to differ depending on the host type. In some iflavirus hosts, such as the silkworm Bombyx mori (Himeno et al, 1974), the oil palm tree pest Opsiphanes invirae (Silva et al, 2015), and the honey bee Apis mellifera (Yue et al, 2007), signs of infection are quite evident depending on the virus species and host condition. For example, in silkworm larvae, the pathology of infectious flacherie virus (the type species of iflavirus) infection includes a brown color or other discoloration of the posterior and middle parts of the insect body and flaccidity (Inoue and Ayuzawa, 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An iflavirus found in stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) of four different species

et al. 2019

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An analysis of transcriptomes from the antennae of the three South American stink bugs (Euschistus heros, Chinavia ubica, and Dichelops melacanthus) revealed the presence of picorna-like virus genome-length RNAs with high sequence identity to the genome of Halyomorpha halys virus (HhV), originally discovered in the transcriptome of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys. Features of the genome, phylogenetic relationships to other viruses, and the appearances of virus-like particles isolated from host stink bugs all confirm that these viruses are iflaviruses and isolates of an undescribed species. Iflavirus RNAs were present at high levels (40%-90% of transcriptome reads) in the stink bug antennal transcriptomes. In whole-insect transcriptomes of H. halys, HhV reads were > 500-fold more abundant in adults than in nymphs. We identified from field population a subject of species E. heros infected by this iflavirus. The results of the analysis suggest that these iflaviruses are able to produce large quantities of their RNAs without causing any obvious pathology to their hosts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An iflavirus found in stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) of four different species

et al. 2019

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“…Just like Drosophila C virus (DCV), they can infect a much broader range of Drosophila species through horizontal transmission (22). Significantly, WWPSRV-2, which belong to family Iflaviridae of which some viruses can result in lethal infections in silkworms (23) and honeybees (24), can also be detected in the wasp host rice weevil. Moreover, it has been reported that an iflavirus Dinocampus coccinellae paralysis virus, found in Dinocampus coccinellae wasps which parasitize the lady beetle Coleomegilla maculata, can replicate in lady beetle cerebral ganglia and thus induce changes in lady beetle behavior such as tremors, gait disturbance, and limitations in movement (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse RNA Viruses Discovered in Three Parasitoid Wasps of the Rice Weevil Sitophilus oryzae

Wang

Yuan

Xiao

et al. 2021

mSphere

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In this study, many virus-like fragments were obtained from transcriptomes of three wasp species, including Anisopteromalus calandrae (8), Lariophagus distinguendus (3), and Theocolax elegans (18), which can parasitize and control rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae, a serious insect pest of farm-stored grains. By further bioinformatic analysis and sequencing, we identified six novel RNA viruses with complete genomes and named them WWPSRV-1, WWPSRV-2, AcPSRV-1, AcNSRV-1, AcNSRV-2, and LdNSRV-1. PCR-based detection revealed that WWPSRV-1 and WWPSRV-2 had the possibility of interspecies virus transmission, especially WWPSRV-2, which was also present in the rice weevil adults. Phylogenetically, three out of these six viruses appeared to be members of order Picornavirales: WWPSRV-1 belonged to unassigned virus families of this order, whereas WWPSRV-2 and AcPSRV-1 belonged to families Iflaviridae and Dicistroviridae, respectively. The conserved picornavirus-typical domains helicase, protease, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase could be found in the nonstructural protein encoded by the three viruses, whose genomes consisted of the different numbers of open reading frames (ORFs). The other three RNA viruses could be classified to order Mononegavirales: AcNSRV-1 and AcNSRV-2 belonged to family Lispiviridae, whereas LdNSRV-1 belonged to a big family Rhabdoviridae. The genomes of the three viruses contained at least five ORFs, encoding deduced proteins in the following order: 3′-N-P-M-G-L-5′. All the ORFs were separated by conserved intergenic sequences which likely regulated the transcription termination and initiation. Our findings enhance the understanding of RNA viruses in weevil wasps and set the foundation for the future study of the association among weevils, weevil wasps, and RNA viruses. IMPORTANCE The enormous diversity of RNA viruses in insects is continuously validated. Parasitoid wasps, as biocontrol insects which are widely used against insect pests in agroecosystems, may also carry many “good” RNA viruses. Some RNA viruses in parasitoid wasps have been reported to affect the host wasps or the wasps’ host. Here, six novel RNA viruses with complete genomes were identified in three parasitoid wasps of the rice weevil. One of these viruses was also detected in the rice weevil adults. Phylogenetically, WWPSRV-1 was the first unambiguous detection of Nora-like virus in insect parasitoids. WWPSRV-2 and AcPSRV-1 belong to families Iflaviridae and Dicistroviridae, some viruses of which can result in lethal infections in silkworms and honeybees. The other three RNA viruses belong to order Mononegavirales, which comprises many well-known insect-associated viruses.

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“…Pasteur (1870) recognized four kinds of silkworm disease: flacherie (dysenteries), muscardine (fugal infection), pebrine (protozoan infection), and jaundice (baculovirus infection). The causal agent of flacherie disease in silkworm was identified as infectious flacherie virus (IFV) (Aizawa et al, 1964) or (FVS) (Himeno et al, 1974). The characteristics of IFV were determined and it was assigned to the Picornaviridae (Ayuzawa, 1972;Hashimoto and Kawase, 1983;Kawase et al, 1974;Moore et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Picorna-like Virus, PnPV, Isolated from Ficus Transparent Wing Moth, Perina nuda (Fabricius)

Wang

1999

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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Properties of flacherie virus of the silkworm, Bombyx mori

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

An iflavirus found in stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) of four different species

An iflavirus found in stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) of four different species

Diverse RNA Viruses Discovered in Three Parasitoid Wasps of the Rice Weevil Sitophilus oryzae

A New Picorna-like Virus, PnPV, Isolated from Ficus Transparent Wing Moth, Perina nuda (Fabricius)

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