Properties of Co/Ni codoped ZnO based nanocrystalline DMS

Enhancement of zinc vacancies in room-temperature ferromagnetic Cr–Mn codoped ZnO nanorods synthesized by hydrothermal method under high pulsed magnetic field

“…paramagnetism. However, the non-zero remanence at room temperature and the rapid increase of magnetization at low temperature can be considered as ferromagnetic properties [44]. No magnetic blocking phenomenon was observed in both samples, which indicates the absence of any M A N U S C R I P T…”

Grain boundary defects induced room temperature ferromagnetism in V doped ZnO thin films

“…For a semiconductor with direct band gap, the band gap energy (E g ) is calculated using the relation [35], (αhν)…”

Rapid synthesis of room temperature ferromagnetic Fe and Co co-doped ZnO DMS nanoparticles

“…When host ZnO is co-doped with transition metal (TM) ions which is called as dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS), magnetic property and the position and occupancy of the Fermi energy level can be tailored by the different d electrons of TM ions. Due to these reasons, intensive research works are focused on understanding the magnetic interactions in ZnO codoped with various TM ions such as Co and Ni, Co and Cu, Co and Cr, Co and Mn, Co and Ga, Co and In, Mn and Ni, Fe and Ni, Fe and Cu, Fe and Al [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The results obtained have shown that there is a transition from paramagnetic (PM) to ferromagnetic (FM) state at room temperature and also an enhancement in the FM properties in co-doped samples compared with single TM doping.…”