“…However, the effectiveness of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan is highly dependent on the type of target microorganism [ 29 , 36 , 84 , 88 , 90 , 103 , 107 ]. Furthermore, the mechanisms of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan are associated with its physicochemical properties [ 4 , 37 , 43 , 90 , 103 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 ]. Thus, this review article highlights the antimicrobial properties of chitosan, the factors that influence its antimicrobial activity, how bacteria and fungi respond to chitosan, and what regulators are involved in this antimicrobial response.…”