Properties of a New Insulation Material Glass Bubble in Geopolymer Concrete

Shahedan, Noor Fifinatasha; Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri; Mahmed, Norsuria; Kusbiantoro, Andri; Tammas‐Williams, Samuel; Li, Long-yuan; Aziz, Ikmal Hakem; Vizureanu, Petrică; Wysłocki, J.J.; Błoch, K.; Nabiałek, M.

doi:10.3390/ma14040809

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…Geopolymers, in the family of inorganic aluminosilicate binder, has received extensive interests because of high temperature resistance [70,[102][103][104][105], low permeability [106][107][108][109][110], strong bonding and good durability [51,[111][112][113], excellent chemical corrosion resistance [114][115][116][117][118], and environmental friendliness [119,120], etc. Some of the uses that have been investigated for alkaline activated materials are: as sustainable construction material [121][122][123][124][125][126], mine backfilling [127,128], porous spheres as novel pH buffers [129,130], bricks [71,112,131,132], porous thermal insulation material [133], as road material [134], for immobilization of toxic metals and nuclear waste management [135][136][137][138][139][140], coatings for concrete [141]…”

Section: Curing Temperature and Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Compressive Strength of Geopolymers: A Review

et al. 2021

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Geopolymers are created by mixing a source of aluminosilicates, which can be natural or by-products from other industries, with an alkaline solution. These materials based on by-products from other industries have proven to be a less polluting alternative for concrete production than ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Geopolymers offer many advantages over OPC, such as excellent mechanical strength, increased durability, thermal resistance, and excellent stability in acidic and alkaline environments. Within these properties, mechanical strength, more specifically compressive strength, is the most important property for analyzing geopolymers as a construction material. For this reason, this study compiled information on the different variables that affect the compressive strength of geopolymers, such as Si/Al ratio, curing temperature and time, type and concentration of alkaline activator, water content, and the effect of impurities. From the information collected, it can be mentioned that geopolymers with Si/Al ratios between 1.5 and 2.0 obtained the highest compressive strengths for the different cases. On the other hand, high moderate temperatures (between 80 and 90 °C) induced higher compressive strengths in geopolymers, because the temperature favors the geopolymerization process. Moreover, longer curing times helped to obtain higher compressive strengths for all the cases analyzed. Furthermore, it was found that the most common practice is the use of sodium hydroxide combined with sodium silicate to obtain geopolymers with good mechanical strength, where the optimum SS/NaOH ratio depends on the source of aluminosilicates to be used. Generally speaking, it was observed that higher water contents lead to a decrease in compressive strength. The presence of calcium was found to be favorable in controlled proportions as it increases the compressive strength of geopolymers, on the other hand, impurities such as heavy metals have a negative effect on the compressive strength of geopolymers.

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Section: Curing Temperature and Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Compressive Strength of Geopolymers: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…This influences the rate of chemical reaction kinetics [53,76,77] and augments the plasticity of a mix which enhances the workability of geopolymers. Furthermore, they monitored that an enhancement in fly ash (FA) content has declined the workability of geopolymers because of the higher water adsorption of FA with a porous structure [78][79][80].…”

Section: Flow/slumpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Suitability of Ceramic Waste in Geopolymer Composites: An Appraisal

Luhar

Abdullah

et al. 2021

Materials

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Currently, novel inorganic alumino-silicate materials, known as geopolymer composites, have emerged swiftly as an ecobenevolent alternative to contemporary ordinary Portland cement (OPC) building materials since they display superior physical and chemical attributes with a diverse range of possible potential applications. The said innovative geopolymer technology necessitates less energy and low carbon footprints as compared to OPC-based materials because of the incorporation of wastes and/or industrial byproducts as binders replacing OPC. The key constituents of ceramic are silica and alumina and, hence, have the potential to be employed as an aggregate to manufacture ceramic geopolymer concrete. The present manuscript presents a review of the performance of geopolymer composites incorporated with ceramic waste, concerning workability, strength, durability, and elevated resistance evaluation.

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“…According to previous studies [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ], the designed density was set due to the particular practice of foamed concrete. For instance, in order to obtained compressive strength of 17 MPa or higher at 28 days for the structural usage, the density should be controlled in the range of 1500 to 1800 kg/m 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between Density and Compressive Strength of Foamed Concrete

et al. 2021

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This study aims to obtain the relationship between density and compressive strength of foamed concrete. Foamed concrete is a preferred building material due to the low density of its concrete. In foamed concrete, the compressive strength reduces with decreasing density. Generally, a denser foamed concrete produces higher compressive strength and lower volume of voids. In the present study, the tests were carried out in stages in order to investigate the effect of sand–cement ratio, water to cement ratio, foam dosage, and dilution ratio on workability, density, and compressive strength of the control foamed concrete specimen. Next, the test obtained the optimum content of processed spent bleaching earth (PSBE) as partial cement replacement in the foamed concrete. Based on the experimental results, the use of 1:1.5 cement to sand ratio for the mortar mix specified the best performance for density, workability, and 28-day compressive strength. Increasing the sand to cement ratio increased the density and compressive strength of the mortar specimen. In addition, in the production of control foamed concrete, increasing the foam dosage reduced the density and compressive strength of the control specimen. Similarly with the dilution ratio, the compressive strength of the control foamed concrete decreased with an increasing dilution ratio. The employment of PSBE significantly influenced the density and compressive strength of the foamed concrete. An increase in the percentage of PSBE reduced the density of the foamed concrete. The compressive strength of the foamed concrete that incorporated PSBE increased with increasing PSBE content up to 30% PSBE. In conclusion, the compressive strength of foamed concrete depends on its density. It was revealed that the use of 30% PSBE as a replacement for cement meets the desired density of 1600 kg/m3, with stability and consistency in workability, and it increases the compressive strength dramatically from 10 to 23 MPa as compared to the control specimen. Thus, it demonstrated that the positive effect of incorporation of PSBE in foamed concrete is linked to the pozzolanic effect whereby more calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) produces denser foamed concrete, which leads to higher strength, and it is less pore connected. In addition, the regression analysis shows strong correlation between density and compressive strength of the foamed concrete due to the R2 being closer to one. Thus, production of foamed concrete incorporating 30% PSBE might have potential for sustainable building materials.

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Properties of a New Insulation Material Glass Bubble in Geopolymer Concrete

Cited by 27 publications

References 67 publications

Factors Affecting the Compressive Strength of Geopolymers: A Review

Factors Affecting the Compressive Strength of Geopolymers: A Review

Assessment of the Suitability of Ceramic Waste in Geopolymer Composites: An Appraisal

Relation between Density and Compressive Strength of Foamed Concrete

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