Properties of 3D-printed wood sawdust-reinforced PLA composites

Abstract

Thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties of three-dimensional (3D) printed polylactic acid (PLA) composites reinforced with different amounts of waste pine sawdust were investigated. To determine the mechanical properties of the obtained filaments, test samples were produced using a 3D printer according to the mechanical test standards. The filaments that were produced from blends that contained the wood sawdust at the highest level (20%) could be printed via a 3D printer without any problems. According to the results obtained from the mechanical tests, a decrease in the tensile strength values of the composites was observed with the addition of wood sawdust into the neat PLA polymer. On the other hand, it was determined that the flexural strength values of the wood sawdust/PLA composites significantly increased with the addition of the wood sawdust. It was concluded that the waste pine sawdust is a reasonable reinforcement material for the production of composite filament for 3D printing applications and it can be compatibly extruded with PLA polymer. Thus, sawdust can be used as a value-added waste source for the production of high-quality 3D polymeric materials.

Effect of butyric anhydride modification on properties of wood-polylactic acid 3D-printed composites

“…In this study, the tensile strengths generally decreased with the addition of wood flour to neat PLA polymer. Similarly, it has been reported that the tensile strength decreases due to the weak interface bonding as a result of the addition of wood/plant fiber to the neat PLA polymer (Stoof et al 2017;Petchwattana et al 2019;Kain et al 2020;Narlıoğlu et al 2021). As a result of the comparison of the tensile strengths of the composites, it was seen that the MWF-added composites (MPS1 and MPS2) showed better values than the UMWF-added composites (PS1 and PS2).…”

“…In addition, the tensile modulus first decreased with the addition of 10% wood flour to PLA polymer, then it increased with the addition of 20% wood flour, and it showed similar values with that of neat PLA. Similarly, it has been reported that the tensile modulus first decreases and then increases as a result of adding wood flour to PLA polymer (Stoof et al 2017;Estakhrianhaghighi et al 2020;Narlıoğlu et al 2021). The tensile strength of 3D-printed samples from neat PLA was 42.27 MPa, and the tensile modulus was 2.27 GPa.…”

“…The flexural strength decreased with the addition of wood flour to the neat PLA polymer. Similarly, it was indicated that the flexural strength decreased as a result of adding wood flour/plant fiber to PLA polymer (Narlıoğlu et al 2021;Yang et al 2021). It was reported that the flexural strength decreases with the addition of kenaf fiber to neat PLA and this decrease is due to the poor adhesion between kenaf fibers and PLA (Huda et al 2008).…”

Determination of technological properties of wood plastic nanocomposites produced by flat press reinforced with nano MgO

“…The components of the wood material were responsible for the increase in peak intensities in these wavelength ranges. 48 It originates from carbonyl groups and water in the peak wood at a wavelength of 1640 cm À1 . In addition, the peak at a wavelength of 3430 cm À1 is due to the -OH stretching of nano MgO.…”

Use of Wood in Additive Manufacturing: Review and Future Prospects

“…Sawdust or similar residues from the wood industry can be used as a valuable waste source for the production of high-quality 3D polymer materials. A recent study by Narlıoğlu and co-authors concludes that waste pine sawdust is a suitable reinforcing material for the production of composite filament for 3D-printing applications; it can be extruded with PLA polymer [ 15 ] but also other components, wood flour, lignin [ 16 ] and cellulose nanofibers, are being explored as functional additives and reinforcements in thermoplastic and thermoset matrices used in additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing [ 1 ]. The advantages of blending wood into PLA include improved biodegradability, high stiffness and low density compared to pure PLA polymer [ 17 ].…”