Properties, Measurement, and Bioclimatic Action of “Small” Multimolecular Atmospheric Ions

Calibration of aspirator-type ion counters and measurement of unipolar charge densities

“…Schematic views of cylindrical and parallel plate ion-counter designs are shown in figure 1. A cylindrical geometry was used as early as 1901 by Ebert [11]; parallel plate geometries have been used in more recent times [12] . Under ideal conditions, the measured charge density, p , is given by the expression [9] , P^= I/M , (1) where I is the measured ion current and M is the laminar volumetric flow rate of the air through the capacitor.…”

“…Along the central axis of a circular aperture of radius R, eq (11) (12) where the z axis is taken to be the central axis.…”

“…Equation 12 indicates that at a point four radii above the aperture, the calculated air speed is 3% of u . To put this result into perspective, it should be noted that the average air speed at the entrance of a commercial ion counter can be as high as 1 m/s .…”

“…The results of laboratory measurements of ion density under a monopolar high voltage line, which complement the studies with the parallel-plate apparatus, are also described. 12 …”

Application of an Air Ionization Device Using an Atmospheric Pressure Corona Discharge Process for Water Purification

“…Knoll et al (1964) Nevertheless, little is known about the specific oxidizing agent (ions, ozone and radicals) of corona discharge responsible for the degradation of the target organic substances in aqueous systems or about how the water treatment conditions affect degradation of these compounds.…”