Properties investigation of recycled polylactic acid reinforced by cellulose nanofibrils isolated from bagasse

Abstract

In this research, an industrial‐scale approach was developed for preparing bio‐nanocomposites from recycled polylactic acid (rPLA) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). In this regard, several steps were conducted consisting of extracting CNFs, preparing CNF/rPLA master batch, and melt compounding which was finally followed by compression molding. The influence of adding CNFs on rPLA properties was investigated by morphological, mechanical, thermo‐mechanical, and degradability studies. Images from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed an increase in the fracture surface roughness of rPLA after adding CNFs. In addition, compared to unreinforced rPLA, the modulus and strength of bio‐nanocomposites containing 3 wt% CNFs were enhanced from 527.5 and 23.9 MPa to 716.5 and 32.6 MPa, respectively. Other mechanical properties including elongation at break and work of fracture were decreased by 35.5 and 33% at this CNF percentage. Furthermore, the storage modulus, obtained from dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), was significantly improved from 1,024 to 8,214 MPa after adding 3 wt % CNF. Similarly, at this CNF percentage, glass transition temperature (Tg) was enhanced from 59.5 to 64°C. According to biodegradation study, the highest biodegradability resistance was also obtained for bio‐nanocomposite containing 3 wt % CNF. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:3740–3749, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

Fabrication and Characterization of Chitosan/Cellulose Nanocrystal/Glycerol Bio-Composite Films

“…Furthermore, the tensile strength drastically decreased because of the presence of 8 wt% CNC, but was still higher than that of the chitosan film. This is probably related to the weak interaction between CNC and the chitosan matrix, owing to the formation of CNC agglomerates, which acted as stress concentration points with poor dispersion between the -COO-and -NH 3+ moieties resulting from charge neutralization [35,36]. Similar findings were also demonstrated by Xu et al, where the tensile strength of the chitosan/CNC film decreased as the CNC content exceeded 5 wt% [18].…”

Advanced natural fibre-based fully biodegradable and renewable composites and nanocomposites: a comprehensive review

“…However, PLA has some major disadvantages such as brittleness and sensitivity to high temperature and humidity remarkably restricting its widespread application. Low cost and abundantly found natural fibres can be used to partially overcome these drawbacks (Teymoorzadeh and Rodrigue 2016; Heidarian et al 2017). PLA/plant fibre composites can be manufactured similar to polyolefins (e.g.…”

Beyond Sugar and Ethanol Production: Value Generation Opportunities Through Sugarcane Residues

“…CNFs result from the disintegration of cellulose fibers under high shearing and impact forces. Wood is currently the most important industrial source of CFNs but recently sugarcane bagasse was also considered as potential feedstock and extensively studied (Heidarian et al, 2016;Feng et al, 2018;Heidarian et al, 2018;Tao et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2019;Marcondes et al, 2020). The recent advances on production of cellulose nanofibrils was reviewed elsewhere (Nechyporchuk et al, 2016).…”