Propanil Resistance in Populations of Junglerice (<i>Echinochloa colona</i>) in Colombian Rice Fields

Fischer, Albert J.; Granados, Eduardo; Trujillo, Diego

doi:10.1017/s0043174500076062

Cited by 54 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Propanil‐resistant jungle rice (R‐JR) has been confirmed to be present in the rice‐producing areas of Costa Rica (Garro et al . 1991), Columbia (Fisher et al . 1993), Venezuela, and Mexico (Hoagland et al .…”

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confidence: 99%

Resistance mechanism of Leptochloa chinensis Nees to propanil

Sahid

Karso

Chuah

2011

Weed Biology and Management

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The resistance mechanism of Leptochloa chinensis Nees to propanil was investigated, based on propanil metabolism, aryl acylamidase activity, and chlorophyll fluorescence at the 8 week growth stage of L. chinensis.The concentration of propanil in the leaf and culm extracts of the resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes, as measured by gas chromatography (GC), was found to increase after propanil treatment.The concentration of propanil in the leaf and culm extracts of the S biotype at 72 h was 1.55 and 0.49 mg mL -1 , respectively. However, a lower concentration of propanil was observed in the R biotype, as compared to that in the S biotype.The residue of 3,4-dichloroaniline, as measured by GC, was detected only in the leaf extracts of the R biotype. In contrast, no residue of 3,4-dichloroaniline was observed in the S biotype.The level of aryl acylamidase in the leaf tissue extracts of the R biotype was~140% higher than that in the S biotype. The fluorescence studies showed that propanil inhibited the quantum efficiency of the photosystem II in both the R and S biotypes after 2 h of incubation time. However, when the leaf disks were transferred and incubated in deionized water for 48 h, the quantum efficiency increased in the R biotype but decreased in the S biotype. These results suggest that propanil metabolism, enhanced by aryl acylamidase activity, is the most likely factor contributing towards the mechanism of propanil resistance in L. chinensis plants at the 8 week growth stage.

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Resistance mechanism of Leptochloa chinensis Nees to propanil

Sahid

Karso

Chuah

2011

Weed Biology and Management

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“…Hand weeding is complicated by the morphological similarity of rice and grassy weed seedlings (Moody, 1983). Herbicides have been proven effective in many cases (De Datta and Llagas, 1984), but intensive herbicide use can cause environmental contamination and the development of herbicide resistance (Carey et al, 1995; Fischer et al, 1993; Lemerle et al, 2001). Using competitive varieties to suppress weeds might substantially reduce herbicide use and labor costs, permitting weeds to be controlled with a single herbicide application or hand weeding.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cultivar Weed‐Competitiveness in Aerobic Rice: Heritability, Correlated Traits, and the Potential for Indirect Selection in Weed‐Free Environments

et al. 2006

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Forty rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars and breeding lines used in the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) upland rice breeding program were evaluated in adjacent weed-free and weedy trials in aerobic soil conditions during the wet seasons of 2001, 2002, and 2003. The objectives of this study were to investigate genetic variability in weed suppression and yield and to identify traits that could be used as selection criteria for improved weed competitiveness. Correlations among and heritability (H) of agronomic traits and early vigor were estimated in weedy and weed-free trials. Regression analysis was performed to predict weedy yield and weed biomass. Cultivars differed widely in the growth of weed biomass they permitted (126-296 g m 22 ) and in yield under competition (0.5-2.5 Mg ha 21 ). Cultivar yield, duration, biomass, harvest index, height, and vegetative vigor under weed-free conditions were closely correlated with the same traits measured under weedy conditions. Weedy yield and weed biomass were both moderately heritable (H 5 0.55 and 0.38 for means estimated from single-year, three replicate trial, respectively) and genetically correlated with each other (r 5 20.84). Weed-free yield and vigor at two weeks after seeding (WAS) were moderately heritable (H 5 0.68 and 0.38 for means estimated from a single-year, three replicate trial, respectively) and were highly genetically correlated with weedy yield (r 5 1.00 and 0.88, respectively) and weed biomass (r 5 20.89 and 20.67, respectively). Vegetative vigor at two WAS and grain yield measured under weed-free conditions explained a combined 87% of cultivar variation in weedy yield and 40% in weed biomass. Indirect selection on these two traits was predicted to be efficient for improving yield under weed competition and weedsuppressive ability of aerobic rice.

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“…Aryl acylamidase activity in propanil‐resistant junglerice was higher than that in the susceptible biotype at all growth stages. Fischer et al . (1996) reported plant extracts from 2‐ to 3‐leaf propanil‐resistant junglerice had higher levels of propanil metabolism than the susceptible biotype.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1995b). Propanil‐resistant junglerice also has been verified in rice‐producing areas of Greece (Giannopolitis & Vassiliou 1989), Columbia (Fischer et al . 1993), Costa Rica (Garro et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of aryl acylamidase activity from propanil‐resistant barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus‐galli [L.] Beauv.)

Hirase¹,

Hoagland²

2006

Weed Biology and Management

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The enzyme, aryl acylamidase, was characterized in propanil-susceptible and propanil-resistant barnyardgrass with respect to kinetic parameters, the effects of inhibitors, and the levels of activity in dark-and light-grown tissues. The enzyme reaction in the resistant tissue preparation proceeded linearly with time over a 5 h time course, while activity in the susceptible tissue preparation was 2-to 4-fold lower and the activity tended to decrease after 2 h. The apparent K m values were 62.1 mmol L −1 and 3.1 mmol L −1 for the enzyme activity in the susceptible and resistant tissue preparations, respectively. Two herbicides (anilofos and piperophos), previously shown to synergize propanil injury against the resistant biotype, were found to be potent inhibitors of the in vitro aryl acylamidase activity.

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Propanil Resistance in Populations of Junglerice (Echinochloa colona) in Colombian Rice Fields

Cited by 54 publications

References 6 publications

Resistance mechanism of Leptochloa chinensis Nees to propanil

Resistance mechanism of Leptochloa chinensis Nees to propanil

Cultivar Weed‐Competitiveness in Aerobic Rice: Heritability, Correlated Traits, and the Potential for Indirect Selection in Weed‐Free Environments

Characterization of aryl acylamidase activity from propanil‐resistant barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus‐galli [L.] Beauv.)

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