Propagator Method using PARAFAC Model for Two Dimensional Source Localization

Abstract

In this paper, we addressed the problem of estimating the two-dimensional (2D) Direction of Arrival (DOA) elevation and azimuth angles for multiple sources. The proposed method employs Propagator Method (PM) in conjunction with parallel factor (PARAFAC) model using a new antenna array configuration. The proposed method overcomes two main drawbacks in the existing 2D DOA schemes: use of high computation eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) or singular value decomposition (SVD), and complex pair-matching methods for elevation and azimuth angles in case of multiple sources. Therefore, significant reduction in computational load and complexity is achieved. Computer simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

2D DOA Estimation with a Two-Parallel Array Consisting of Two Uniform Large-Spacing Linear Arrays

“…According to (4), it is easy to know that the mutual coupling of proposed array is smaller than the traditional parallel array [8][9][10][11] and larger than unfolded parallel coprime array [20]. But just for the structural feature, the unfolded parallel coprime array cannot be used directly in traditional algorithms such as PM algorithm and estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (ESPRIT) algorithm [21].…”

“…However, the three algorithms need to perform eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) or singular value decomposition (SVD) of covariance matrix. e propagator method (PM) [8][9][10][11][12][13] gains extensive attention for the lower computational complexity because it does not need to perform EVD of covariance matrix. In [8], authors used PM algorithm to estimate 2D DOA by multiple parallel linear arrays.…”

“…In [10], another modified 2D PM algorithm based on three-parallel linear array was proposed for reducing computational complexity. In [11], PM algorithm was used with the parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) model to estimate the 2D DOA, where the PARAFAC model is solved by circulative iteration.…”

“…But we should notice that all the algorithms [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] are based on uniform array, the interval of adjacent sensors cannot exceed half-wavelength of the incident signal. In fact, mutual coupling inevitably exists between two sensors, particularly for the closed two sensors.…”