Propagation Velocity and Total Reflection of Spreading Induction in the Light-Adapted Human Retina

Interference and Diffraction of Spreading Induction

“…As can be seen in this figure, the interval between two consecutive dark bands becomes narrower as the constant of grating increases. This property coincides with what can be predicted from formula (2). We computed wavelengths on the basis of these diffraction patterns and obtained 51.2, 49 and 50.7 ,u.…”

Experiments on the Propagation of the Induction Across the Blind Spot (3)

“…where Thus, the values of a and b given in Fig. 3 and 4 were determined by means of (8) and (9). It is to be noted that the following equations hold from (6) and (7) :…”

“…In other words, the pro-blems were : (a) to study whether the velocity can be determined with considerable accuracy even along the path running across the blind spot ; (b) to determine whether the induction traverses the blind spot with the same velocity as in other regions of the retina. The propagation velocity has been repeatedly measured with various methods in Motokawa's laboratory (4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11), and highly consistent results have been obtained to give the value between 1.69 mm. and 1.77 mm.…”

“…in the dark-adapted retina assuming the distance from the posterior nodal point to the retina as 17 mm. It was also discovered that the velocity was practically constant irrespective of regions of the retina and of directions of the propagation (5,7,9,11). Furthermore, it became clear that neither color nor intensity of the stimulus to evoke the induction affected the velocity (5,7,9).…”

“…It was also discovered that the velocity was practically constant irrespective of regions of the retina and of directions of the propagation (5,7,9,11). Furthermore, it became clear that neither color nor intensity of the stimulus to evoke the induction affected the velocity (5,7,9). As can be inferred from the fact that the beam of induction is refracted by the retinal region adapted to a prism-shaped colored luminous figure, however, the velocity depends upon the state of adaptation of the retina.…”