Propagation of orbital angular momentum carrying beams through a perturbing medium

Chaibi, Abraham; Mafusire, Cosmas; Forbes, Andrew

doi:10.1088/2040-8978/15/10/105706

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The beam displayed propagation patterns which included the redistribution of energy, scintillation, wandering and spreading and this has also been proved in [33,37]. However di culties are not only encountered in experimental studies; recent work has shown this to be numerically challenging as well [38,39].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Experimental determination of thermal turbulence effects on a propagating laser beam

Ndlovu

Chetty

2015

Open Physics

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Abstract:The e ect of turbulence on propagating laser beams has been a subject of interest since the evolution of lasers back in 1959. In this work, an inexpensive and reliable technique for producing interferograms using a point di raction interferometer (PDI) was considered to experimentally study the turbulence e ects on a laser beam propagating through air. The formed interferograms from a propagating beam were observed and digitally processed to study the strength of atmospheric turbulence. This technique was found to be sensitive enough to detect changes in applied temperature with distance between the simulated turbulence and laser path. These preliminary ndings indicated that we can use a PDI method to detect and localise atmospheric turbulence parameters. Such parameters are very important for use in the military (defence laser weapons) and this is vital for South Africa (SA) since it has natural resources, is involved in peace keeping and mediation for other countries, and hence must have a strong defence system that will be able to locate, detect and destroy incoming missiles and other threatening atmospheric systems in order to protect its environment and avoid the initiation of countermeasures on its land.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Experimental determination of thermal turbulence effects on a propagating laser beam

Ndlovu

Chetty

2015

Open Physics

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“…Of course, links may also be physically tested in a laboratory environment using rotating heated pipes [41], computer-generated holograms loaded on spatial light modulators [42], glass plates [43] and controllable climate chambers [33], [44].…”

Section: Atmospheric Turbulencementioning

confidence: 99%

Roadmap to free space optics

et al. 2020

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With the ever-increasing demand for data and radio frequency spectrum becoming congested, Free Space Optics (FSO) may find a niche for situations where fiber is too expensive or too difficult to install. FSO is a cross-disciplinary field that draws from radio and fiber communication, astronomy, and even quantum optics, and it has seen major advances over the last three decades. In this tutorial-style review, we provide a broad overview of many of the important topics required to design, develop, and research the next generation of FSO technology.

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“…Additional deployment challenges of OAM communication over turbulent channels were discussed [201]- [203]. In laboratories, atmospheric turbulence conditions have been simulated in laboratories, using SLMs [206], heated pipes [207], static diffractive plates [208] and rotating phase plates [209], in order to analyze its effects on OAM carrying beams. The most common model for the aforementioned laboratoryemulated turbulence is the Kolmogorov model.…”

Section: A Free Space Propagation Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communicating Using Spatial Mode Multiplexing: Potentials, Challenges, and Perspectives

Trichili

Park

Zghal

et al. 2019

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

183

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Time, polarization, and wavelength multiplexing schemes have been used to satisfy the growing need of transmission capacity. Using space as a new dimension for communication systems has been recently suggested as a versatile technique to address future bandwidth issues. We review the potentials of harnessing the space as an additional degree of freedom for communication applications including free space optics, optical fiber installation, underwater wireless optical links, on-chip interconnects, data center indoor connections, radio frequency and acoustic communications. We focus on the orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes and equally identify the challenges related to each of the applications of spatial modes and the particular OAM modes in communication. We further discuss the perspectives of this emerging technology. Finally, we provide the open research directions and we discuss the practical deployment of OAM communication links for different applications. ). 4 in the future. We also summarize the open problems and the future research directions. A discussion of the practicability and cost of multi-OAM communication is also included. II. OAM POTENTIALS A. Free Space Optical CommunicationFSO is a license free wireless communication configuration that has recently received much interest for a variety of applications. FSO is an attractive solution for last mile connectivity problems, particularly for communication networks, when the installation of fiber optics is costly or not possible [66]. FSO can be also used to establish inter-building secure communication, and can be deployed as a backup to optical fibers. Wireless optical communication can guarantee a line-of-sight (LoS) high bit rate wireless transmission over long distances, up to several kilometers. Furthermore, FSO communication is considered as a promising technique to scale down bandwidth challenges in future 5G networks [67].Multiple wavelength FSO provides better transmission, as demonstrated in [68], [69]. Data can be mapped on advanced modulation formats to achieve high bit rates and high spectral efficiency levels [70]- [72]. Another option is multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) FSO communication in which multiple lasers are positioned to transmit Gaussian beams to multiple receiving apertures [73]. Over the last few years, it has been proven that it is possible to transmit information over spatially structured light beams [21], [74], [75] including OAM beams and plane waves. Our focus is on the OAM modes of light.The first PoC communication experiment incorporating OAMs in free space was carried out in 2004 by Gibson and co-workers [21]. Over a 15-meter long link, 8 -spaced values were chosen along the Gaussian beam as an alphabet for the communication. OAM beams were generated and detected using two light modulators. Since then, much progress has been made and free space transmission capacity of over 1 Tbit/s is, today, possible [76]- [78]. By performing three dimensional multiplexing, Huang and co-workers were able to attain a 100 Tbi...

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Propagation of orbital angular momentum carrying beams through a perturbing medium

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

Experimental determination of thermal turbulence effects on a propagating laser beam

Experimental determination of thermal turbulence effects on a propagating laser beam

Roadmap to free space optics

Communicating Using Spatial Mode Multiplexing: Potentials, Challenges, and Perspectives

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