Propagation-based Phase-Contrast X-ray Imaging at a Compact Light Source

Gradl, Regine; Dierolf, Martin; Hehn, Lorenz; Günther, Benedikt; Yildirim, Ali Oender; Gleich, Bernhard; Achterhold, Klaus; Pfeiffer, Franz; Morgan, Kaye S.

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04739-w

Cited by 46 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Due to a conversion of intensity from transmission into attenuation, this fringe is rendered as a gray value minimum in the less refractive material, followed by a maximum in the more refractive material, if no phase retrieval is performed prior to reconstruction (Gradl et al. ). Far away from edges, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional imaging of the fibrous microstructure of Achilles tendon entheses in Mus musculus

et al. 2018

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The whole-organ, three-dimensional microstructure of murine Achilles tendon entheses was visualized with micro-computed tomography (microCT). Contrast-enhancement was achieved either by staining with phosphotungstic acid (PTA) or by a combination of cell-maceration, demineralization and critical-point drying with low tube voltages and propagation-based phase-contrast (fibrous structure scan). By PTA-staining, X-ray absorption of the enthesial soft tissues became sufficiently high to segment the tendon and measure cross-sectional areas along its course. With the fibrous structure scans, three-dimensional visualizations of the collagen fiber networks of complete entheses were obtained. The characteristic tissues of entheses were identified in the volume data. The tendon proper was marked as a segment manually. The fibers within the tendon were marked by thresholding. Tendon and fiber cross-sectional areas were measured. The measurements were compared between individuals and protocols for contrast-enhancement, using a spatial reference system within the three-dimensional enthesis. The usefulness of the method for investigations of the fibrous structure of collagenous tissues is demonstrated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional imaging of the fibrous microstructure of Achilles tendon entheses in Mus musculus

et al. 2018

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“…For this reason, most of its applications have been so far limited either to synchrotron-radiation facilities or to low-power microfocal sources [2,[6][7][8][9]. In this context, the development of compact and partially coherent high-flux x-ray sources is an active area of research [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monochromatic Propagation-Based Phase-Contrast Microscale Computed-Tomography System with a Rotating-Anode Source

et al. 2019

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We present an experimental setup for monochromatic propagation-based x-ray phase-contrast imaging based on a conventional rotating-copper-anode source, capable of an integrated flux up to 10 8 photons/s at 8 keV. In our study, the system is characterized in terms of spatial coherence, resolution, contrast sensitivity, and stability. Its quantitativeness is demonstrated by comparing theoretical predictions with experimental data on simple wire phantoms both in planar and computerized-tomography-scan geometries. Application to two biological samples of medical interest shows the potential for bioimaging on the millimeter scale with spatial resolution of the order of 10 μm and contrast resolution below 1%. All the scans are performed within laboratory-compatible exposure times, from 10 min to a few hours, and trade-offs between scan time and image quality are discussed.

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confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the Xray energy, an X-ray flux up to 1.5⋅10 10 ph/s was available on a daily basis after commissioning of the source in 2015. Corresponding source characterization is given in [8].With this source we could demonstrate advantages in biomedical imaging arising from the brilliance of the MuCLS [3,4,6]. Nevertheless, these studies also motivated us to pursue a further increase of X-ray flux, especially for time-sequence studies and micro-beam radiation therapy.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Brilliant compact X-ray/XUV sources are mainly based on inverse-Compton scattering (ICS) or highharmonic generation (HHG) and enable the transfer of techniques developed at synchrotrons into a laboratory environment. Highly coherent XUV from HHG sources is used for, e.g., coherent diffractive imaging [1] and time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy [2], while ICS sources are employed for, e.g., phase-contrast [3,4], dynamic imaging [5] and micro-beam radiation therapy [6].…”

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The Munich Compact Light Source: Flux Doubling and Source Position Stabilization At a Compact Inverse-Compton Synchrotron X-ray Source.

et al. 2018

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Brilliant compact X-ray/XUV sources are mainly based on inverse-Compton scattering (ICS) or highharmonic generation (HHG) and enable the transfer of techniques developed at synchrotrons into a laboratory environment. Highly coherent XUV from HHG sources is used for, e.g., coherent diffractive imaging [1] and time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy [2], while ICS sources are employed for, e.g., phase-contrast [3,4], dynamic imaging [5] and micro-beam radiation therapy [6].The Munich Compact Light Source (MuCLS) [7] belongs to the latter group and consists of an electron storage ring and a passive bow-tie laser resonator. The circulation direction in the laser resonator is opposite to the one in the electron storage ring generating a head-on collision of relativistic electrons with laser photons. This process of inverse-Compton scattering creates quasi-monochromatic X-ray radiation emitted into a small cone angle of ~4 mrad with a cut-off energy at E cut−off = 4γ E laser . Here, γ is the Lorentz factor of the electrons, and E laser the energy of a laser photon. At the MuCLS, the electron energy is varied in order to adjust the X-ray energy between 15 keV and 35 keV. Depending on the Xray energy, an X-ray flux up to 1.5⋅10 10 ph/s was available on a daily basis after commissioning of the source in 2015. Corresponding source characterization is given in [8].With this source we could demonstrate advantages in biomedical imaging arising from the brilliance of the MuCLS [3,4,6]. Nevertheless, these studies also motivated us to pursue a further increase of X-ray flux, especially for time-sequence studies and micro-beam radiation therapy. Accordingly, we installed a new laser system which more than doubled the available laser power from 14 W to 30 W and thus increases the power stored in the laser resonator from ~120 kW to ~300 kW. This value is directly proportional to the number of laser photons, i.e. number of scatterers. As a result, the X-ray flux at 35 keV is promoted above 3.0 ⋅10 10 ph/s, more than doubling the initial value. Figure 1 displays the corresponding X-ray source parameters over a period of 10 min. They were determined in the same way as in [8]. After initial optimization of the overlap of the laser and electron beam, the X-ray source position remains stable over short periods, but starts drifting on longer time scales typical for experiments, as depicted in Figure 2. This is due to relative shifts of electron and laser beam and causes a decline of the X-ray flux. The reason for the occurring shifts is attributed to temporal thermal gradients slightly affecting the laser resonator optics and shifting the orbit of the optical beam. In Figure 2, we

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Propagation-based Phase-Contrast X-ray Imaging at a Compact Light Source

Cited by 46 publications

References 34 publications

Three‐dimensional imaging of the fibrous microstructure of Achilles tendon entheses in Mus musculus

Three‐dimensional imaging of the fibrous microstructure of Achilles tendon entheses in Mus musculus

Monochromatic Propagation-Based Phase-Contrast Microscale Computed-Tomography System with a Rotating-Anode Source

The Munich Compact Light Source: Flux Doubling and Source Position Stabilization At a Compact Inverse-Compton Synchrotron X-ray Source.

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