Prooxidant Activities of Antioxidants and Their Impact on Health

Sotler, Robert; Poljšak, Borut; Dahmane, Raja; Jukić, Tomislav; Jukić, Doroteja Pavan; Rotim, Cecilija; Trebše, Polonca; Starc, Andrej

doi:10.20471/acc.2019.58.04.20

Cited by 99 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…Progestins and estrogens have anti-inflammatory actions as well as they may act as potential antioxidants [ 55 ]. However, similarly to other antioxidants in excessive doses, activities may have a pro-oxidative effect and lead to the disturbance of the oxidative balance towards oxidative stress [ 56 ]. As mentioned before, women with PMS, despite having similar hormone levels compared to healthy women, may be more sensitive to its fluctuations; therefore, they can be exposed to excessive estrogen activity in the luteal phase, which stimulates the pro-oxidant nature of estrogens ( Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Premenstrual Syndrome Associated with Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status? A Systematic Review of Case–Control and Cross-Sectional Studies

Granda¹,

Szmidt²,

Kałuża³

2021

Antioxidants

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Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a cyclically occurring combination of various symptoms, leading to decreased life quality among approximately 30% of women of childbearing age. PMS etiology remains unknown; however, there are some suggestions that inappropriate inflammatory response and oxidative stress are involved. This study aimed to systematically review case–control and cross-sectional studies investigating inflammation markers, oxidative stress, and antioxidant status among women with PMS and controls. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (no. CRD42020178545), and the authors followed the guidelines for performing a systemic review recommended by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). By searching PubMed and Scopus databases (up to 8 January 2021), six case–control studies and five cross-sectional studies of medium or high quality were classified to the review. The systematic review included 652 women with PMS and 678 controls, for whom 36 eligible markers were determined. Limited evidence indicates increased levels of inflammatory parameters and suggests decreased antioxidant status in PMS women. Insufficient data with inconsistent results made it impossible to formulate a firm conclusion on the contribution of oxidative stress in PMS occurrence. To acknowledge the role of inflammation, oxidative stress, and antioxidant status in the pathophysiology of PMS, further research with case–control design and large study groups is needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Premenstrual Syndrome Associated with Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status? A Systematic Review of Case–Control and Cross-Sectional Studies

Granda¹,

Szmidt²,

Kałuża³

2021

Antioxidants

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“…Flavonoids′ concentration and composition also vary depending on the different parts of the plant. Leaves and the peels of fruits are commonly rich sources of flavonoids due to increased susceptibility to stress [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hallmarks of Flavonoids in Cancer

Ponte

Pavan

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Flavonoids represent an important group of bioactive compounds derived from plant-based foods and beverages with known biological activity in cells. From the modulation of inflammation to the inhibition of cell proliferation, flavonoids have been described as important therapeutic adjuvants against several diseases, including diabetes, arteriosclerosis, neurological disorders, and cancer. Cancer is a complex and multifactor disease that has been studied for years however, its prevention is still one of the best known and efficient factors impacting the epidemiology of the disease. In the molecular and cellular context, some of the mechanisms underlying the oncogenesis and the progression of the disease are understood, known as the hallmarks of cancer. In this text, we review important molecular signaling pathways, including inflammation, immunity, redox metabolism, cell growth, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle, and analyze the known mechanisms of action of flavonoids in cancer. The current literature provides enough evidence supporting that flavonoids may be important adjuvants in cancer therapy, highlighting the importance of healthy and balanced diets to prevent the onset and progression of the disease.

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“…The incubation with 100 μM CGA alone did not trigger oxidative damage. This result should not be underestimated by considering the possible pro-oxidant effect of antioxidants if used in high concentration or in combination [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Chlorogenic Acid on Human Sperm: In Vitro Studies and Frozen—Thawed Protocol

et al. 2021

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The study evaluated the chlorogenic acid (CGA) antioxidant potential on oxidative stress (OS) induced in vitro in human spermatozoa and during cryopreservation procedure. Swim-up selected spermatozoa were treated with 100 µM CGA, 100 µM H2O2 to induce lipid peroxidation (LPO), and with both compounds and the effects on mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by JC-1, DNA integrity by acridine orange (AO), and sperm ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), were evaluated. CGA antioxidant activity was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) in the media. The CGA protective activity and the immunolocalization of Phospho-AMPKα (Thr172) were explored in frozen-thawed sperm. CGA was not toxic for sperm motility, DNA integrity and MMP. The increase in MDA (p < 0.05) and F2-IsoPs (p < 0.001), DNA damage (p < 0.01) and low MMP (p < 0.01) levels after H2O2 treatment were reduced in presence of CGA as well as the percentage of broken plasma membranes (p < 0.01) and altered acrosomes (p < 0.01) detected by TEM. Treated frozen-thawed spermatozoa showed increased sperm motility (p < 0.01), DNA integrity (p < 0.01), MMP (p < 0.01), reduced MDA (p < 0.01) and increased sperm percentage with Phospho-AMPKα labelling in the head (p < 0.001). CGA can be used to supplement culture media during semen handling and cryopreservation where OS is exacerbated.

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Prooxidant Activities of Antioxidants and Their Impact on Health

Cited by 99 publications

References 80 publications

Is Premenstrual Syndrome Associated with Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status? A Systematic Review of Case–Control and Cross-Sectional Studies

Is Premenstrual Syndrome Associated with Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status? A Systematic Review of Case–Control and Cross-Sectional Studies

The Hallmarks of Flavonoids in Cancer

Protective Effect of Chlorogenic Acid on Human Sperm: In Vitro Studies and Frozen—Thawed Protocol

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