Promotion of physical activity and exercise in multiple sclerosis: Importance of behavioral science and theory

Abstract

There is an obvious disconnect between evidence of benefits and rates of participation in exercise and physical activity among people living with multiple sclerosis (MS). We propose that the problem with exercise behavior in MS (i.e. lack of broad or increasing participation by people with MS despite evidence of meaningful benefits) might be ameliorated through the inclusion of behavior change theory in the design of exercise programs and promotion efforts, as has been undertaken in other populations such as breast cancer survivors. This paper reviews Social Cognitive Theory as an example approach for informing interventions for increasing exercise and physical activity behavior outside of MS and provides an overview of current knowledge regarding the application of this theory for physical activity in MS. We then outline future research necessary for informing trials that design, implement, and test theory-based interventions for physical activity promotion in MS. If theories of behavior change are adopted for informing exercise and physical activity research in MS, we can take a major step forward in addressing the problem of exercise and physical activity participation that has plagued the field for more than 25 years.

Effects of exercise training on multiple sclerosis biomarkers of central nervous system and disease status: a systematic review of intervention studies

“…The high drop‐out rate in addition to small sample sizes in some studies tempers the conclusions possible from these studies. Therefore, future studies should recruit a large cohort of pwMS and include strategies for maximizing participation retention . Ultimately, one study did not meet the second and third criteria of the PEDro scale (random and concealed allocation) and this further weakens the results of that study.…”

Addressing Physical Activity Behavior in Multiple Sclerosis Management

“…10 Simply educating clients about the importance of being physically active is not sufficient to initiate and maintain increased engagement in PA on a regular basis in the face of a progressive neurodegenerative disease. 11 A current theme in the literature is that initiatives to increase engagement in PA with neurologic populations should also include behavior change strategies (BCS). 12 BCS are the active components of a behavior change intervention.…”

Effects of Exercise on the Therapeutic and Rehabilitation Process of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis- A Narrative Review

“…Therefore, this exercise can be recommended to patients with MS, physiotherapists, doctors, sports instructors, and all people who are somehow trying to treat and recover these patients. (39) Findings show that aerobic exercises and physiotherapy improve MS patients' satisfaction with their physical, psychological, and social performance. It may also be considered as a natural way to treat MS disease.…”