Promotion of hMDSC differentiation by combined action of scaffold material and TGF-β superfamily growth factors

Fostering tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to treat musculoskeletal disorders in bone and muscle

“…To enhance their bioactivity, scaffolds can be enriched with biomolecules, including growth factors. Growth factors like TGF-β can be embedded within the scaffold matrix to create a conducive cell proliferation and differentiation environment [ 178 ]. The enriched scaffold releases these factors gradually, maintaining a sustained biological effect that promotes tissue regeneration [ 179 ].…”