“…10,11 As a result, extensive research has been focused on the design and development of electrocatalysts with low cost that exhibit competitive or even superior OER performance. Inexpensive transition-metal oxides, 12 carbides, 13 chalcogenides, 14–16 phosphides, 17,18 oxyhydroxides, 12 nitrides, 13 borides, 19 metal–organic frameworks 20–24 and other materials have shown promise as alternatives to electrocatalysts for the OER based on noble metals. This is due to their abundance, cost-effectiveness, capability to exhibit a range of oxidation states, and proficient catalytic activity.…”