Promoting the Electrocatalytic Performance of Noble Metal Aerogels by Ligand‐Directed Modulation

Fan, Xuelin; Zerebecki, Swen; Du, Ran; Hübner, René; Marzum, Galina; Jiang, Guocan; Hu, Yue; Barcikowki, Stephan; Reichenberger, Sven; Eychmüller, Alexander

doi:10.1002/anie.201913079

Cited by 67 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) have received an increasing amount of attention in response to the electric vehicle industry, greenhouse effects, and the shortage of traditional fossil fuels. [1][2][3][4][5] Among small organic molecules (SOMs) candidates, ethanol (6.3 kWhL À 1 ) possesses a higher energy density than formic acid (1.8 kWhL À 1 ) and methanol (4.8 kWhL À 1 ) counterparts. Ethanol can be obtained by various sources like biological fermentation inexpensively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Free‐Standing Alloyed PdSn Nanoparticles with Enhanced Catalytic Performance for Ethanol Electrooxidation

Zhang

Yan

et al. 2021

ChemElectroChem

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Alloyed Pd-based nanostructured materials have been demonstrated as highly active fuel cell anode electrocatalysts for the alcohol oxidation reaction. Challenges remain in the controlled synthesis of freestanding PdM alloys catalysts through optimization of their interfacial and surface structures, which can prevent degradation and poor durability. Herein, we present an oil-bath-based approach to synthesize Pd x Sn y nanoparticles (NPs) with L-ascorbic acid (AA) as a reducing agent and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a structure-directing agent. Pd x Sn y NPs (x/y = 0.66, 0.83, and 1.11) show a particular freestanding shape. Among the three alloys, Pd 20 Sn 24 (x/y = 0.83) NPs have the best electrocatalytic activity (2018 mA mg À 1 ) toward the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). The enhanced performance of Pd x Sn y NPs might be attributed to i) a change in the electron structure of Pd, ii) varied interatomic distance within a unit cell, and iii) weak adsorption of in-situ generated oxygen-containing (e. g. *OH and PdÀ O) or carbon-containing (e. g. *CH 3 CHOH, *CH 3 CHO, and *CH 3 CO) intermediate species. Experimental data proposed that higher catalytic temperature, higher pH values, and higher ethanol concentration should accelerate each step of electrooxidation of the EOR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Free‐Standing Alloyed PdSn Nanoparticles with Enhanced Catalytic Performance for Ethanol Electrooxidation

Zhang

Yan

et al. 2021

ChemElectroChem

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“…Then the synthesized AuPd aerogel will be treated with solutions containing different ligands (trisodium citrate (NaCA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and CTAB). [143] XPS shows -d) Reaction pathway of alkaline HER, acidic OER, and alkaline OER on RuCu nanosheets, respectively. Reproduced with permission.…”

Section: Fuel Oxidation Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Porous Noble Metal Electrocatalysts: Synthesis, Performance, and Development

Chen

2021

Small

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Benefiting from the various structures of channel, skeleton, and pore wall, porous materials are more valuable than nonporous and ultra-small counterparts in practical applications. In regard to porous catalyst, higher surface area logically means more exposed active sites, and reasonable channel structure ensures the accessibility of active sites. Optimization of pore structure, which includes pore size, pore dimensions, and the pore size distributions, would bring enhanced catalytic activity. Besides, to a certain extent, compared with ultra-fine or ultrasmall nanocrystals, porous catalysts constructed by primary particles have higher stability to ensure maximum retention of active sites, and the increased stability can be attributed to the suppression of Ostwald ripening. Meanwhile the influence of porous structure on the catalytic selectivity cannot be ignored, for instance, microporous materials have a shape-selective catalytic effect on reactants, intermediates, and products of different sizes. In porous materials with larger pores, for catalytic reactions with multi-stage reaction products, the mass transfer Active sites (intrinsic activity, quantity, and distribution), electron transfer, and mass diffusion are three important factors affecting the performance of electrocatalysts. Composed of highly active components which are built into various network structures, porous noble metal is an inherently promising electrocatalysts. In recent years, great efforts have been made to explore new efficient synthesis methods and establish structural-performance relationships in the field of porous noble metal electrocatalysis. In this review, the very recent progress in strategies for preparing porous noble metal, including innovation and deeper understanding of traditional methods is summarized. A discussion of relationship between porous noble metal structure and electrocatalytic performance, such as accessibility of active sites, connectivity of skeleton structures, channels dimensions, and hierarchical structures, is provided. rate affected by the shape and dimensions of the pores can also affect the diffusion rate of the primary reaction products and improve the selectivity of the secondary reaction products. [1] For solid catalysts, the species and coordination state of surface atoms could influence the intrinsic activity of active sites, and in porous materials with tortuous channel structure and rough pore wall, atoms with different coordination states exposed on the pore wall would exert different abilities to adsorb and activate reactant molecules.Noble metals possess suitable electronic structures, which gives it a significant innate advantage of excellent catalytic activity and stability. From the perspective of d-band center theory, proper d-band center positions of the noble metals give rise to a moderate chemical adsorption strength for the reactants, intermediate species, and products during the catalytic process. This means noble metals can adsorb and activate the reactant molecules moderately while...

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“…The presence of organic ligands can promote the transfer of electrons from metals to ligands. The positive potential generated by low-density electrons can accelerate the kinetics of the ethanol oxidation reaction [49].…”

Section: Other Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high activities in the fuel oxidation reaction and the oxygen reduction reaction show that the special structure of aerogel considerably promotes intrinsic activity (Table 1). At present, the preparation of aerogels has begun to be combined with many new preparation technologies, such as laser and 3D printing [49,51], etc. We believe that metal aerogels will be explored from material ratios to structural and will further integrate with a new preparation method in the future.…”

Section: Other Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Electrocatalysis Application of Pure Metallic Aerogel: A Review

Zhang

Zhao

2020

Catalysts

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Nanomaterials are widely used in electrocatalysts due to their quantum size effect and high utilization efficiency. There are two ways to improve the activity of nanoelectrocatalysts: increasing the number of active sites and improving the inherent activity of each catalytic site. The structure of the catalyst itself can be improved by increasing the number of exposed active sites per unit mass. The high porosity and three-dimensional network structure enable aerogels to have the characteristics of a large specific surface area, exposing many active sites and bringing structural stability through the self-supporting nature of aerogels. Thus, by adjusting the compositions of aerogels, the synergetic effect introduced by alloy elements can be utilized to further improve the single-site activity. In this review, we summarized the basic preparation strategy of aerogels and extended it to the preparation of alloys and special structure aerogels. Moreover, through the eight electrocatalysis cases, the outstanding catalytic performances and broad applicability of aerogel electrocatalysts are emphasized. Finally, we predict the future development of pure metallic aerogel electrocatalysts from the perspective of preparation to application.

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Promoting the Electrocatalytic Performance of Noble Metal Aerogels by Ligand‐Directed Modulation

Cited by 67 publications

References 48 publications

Synthesis of Free‐Standing Alloyed PdSn Nanoparticles with Enhanced Catalytic Performance for Ethanol Electrooxidation

Synthesis of Free‐Standing Alloyed PdSn Nanoparticles with Enhanced Catalytic Performance for Ethanol Electrooxidation

Porous Noble Metal Electrocatalysts: Synthesis, Performance, and Development

Preparation and Electrocatalysis Application of Pure Metallic Aerogel: A Review

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