The number of large research projects in the fields of identity, privacy and related topics has burgeoned in recent years. This is a development of great importance to academic scholarship but also to a wider range of audiences and 'users', including policy-makers and regulators, the information and communication technology industries, and the general public. New issues have been spotlighted as we move into what some call 'surveillance societies', along with a clearer sense of the problems created, and the advantages afforded, by the ability of governments and businesses to identify people and groups, monitor and track their behaviour ad movements, provide them with services at home, in the workplace, online, and in the streets, and enable them to engage in important transactions involving flows of information as well as money. New ways of mitigating adverse effects and enhancing the benefits have been explored, although we are only near the beginning of thinking through and acting on these issues, problems, and solutions. The 5-year FIDIS programme, of which this edited volume is the published product, is one of the most extensive of these research endeavours, and is amongst the most fruitful. The cast of individual and institutional characters, and the separate but linked 'deliverable' studies that have been involved, take some 75 pages to be described in this book: more than 61 studies, 43 researchers, and 24 organisations in 31 countries have been involved. This book is a magisterial condensation and integration of this multidisciplinary work, providing something of a long-lasting handbook and an anchor in this rapidly changing field. There are an Introduction and nine further chapters, as well as an Appendix that proposes a user-centric identity metasystem, and eight 'vignettes'-short futuristic scenarios involving the fictitious characters Frank and (the unfortunately-named-to British readers-Fanny) as they go through their everyday lives in a technologically saturated world. The chapters are each based on a number of 'deliverables' whose authors are fully acknowledged, and there are extensive references. Some chapters are better integrated than others, but all are at IDIS (2010) 3:599-604