2020
DOI: 10.1037/bul0000223
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Promoting memory consolidation during sleep: A meta-analysis of targeted memory reactivation.

Abstract: Targeted memory reactivation (TMR) is a methodology employed to manipulate memory processing during sleep. TMR studies have great potential to advance understanding of sleep-based memory consolidation and corresponding neural mechanisms. Research making use of TMR has developed rapidly, with over 70 articles published in the last decade, yet no quantitative analysis exists to evaluate the overall effects. Here we present the first meta-analysis of sleep TMR, compiled from 91 experiments with 212 effect sizes (… Show more

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Cited by 161 publications
(181 citation statements)
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“…We first robustly meta-analyzed k = 208 point estimates from 87 experiments b , using a working exchangeable correlation structure to model clustering of estimates within experiments, 20,21 to estimate an overall average effect size on the standardized mean difference (SM D) scale c of 0.29 (95% CI: [0.19, 0.35]; p < 0.0001). We used existing methods for b As in the original meta-analysis, 15 we excluded 4 outlying point estimates from an original sample size of 212 estimates, leaving k = 208 estimates used in analysis.…”
Section: Sleeping Targeted Memory Recallmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…We first robustly meta-analyzed k = 208 point estimates from 87 experiments b , using a working exchangeable correlation structure to model clustering of estimates within experiments, 20,21 to estimate an overall average effect size on the standardized mean difference (SM D) scale c of 0.29 (95% CI: [0.19, 0.35]; p < 0.0001). We used existing methods for b As in the original meta-analysis, 15 we excluded 4 outlying point estimates from an original sample size of 212 estimates, leaving k = 208 estimates used in analysis.…”
Section: Sleeping Targeted Memory Recallmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We illustrate by re-analyzing data from two real meta-analyses, 14,15 demonstrating that the proposed metrics can provide more information than standard reporting alone (Section 3). We assess the methods' performance in a simulation study that includes a variety of realistic and challenging scenarios (Section 4) and use the results to inform practical reporting guidelines (Discussion).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Further evidence that this re-activation has beneficial effects on memory consolidation in humans has been shown by studies that have replayed cues (smells or sounds) present during the encoding situation during subsequent sleep. This technique, called "Targeted Memory Re-activation" (TMR), has been shown to increase memory performance (for review and meta-analysis, see Hu et al, 2020), suggesting that replay during sleep is an active mechanism in sleep-dependent memory consolidation. If the emotional and reward centers of the brain guide which memories are reactivated during sleep, this would make sleep an optimal state for preserving relevant memories while forgetting irrelevant ones.…”
Section: General Theoretical Backgroundmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Born & Wilhelm, 2012;S. Diekelmann & Born, 2010;Hu, Cheng, Chiu, & Paller, 2020;Westermann, Lange, Textor, & Born, 2015), others showed that quiet wakefulness can also benefit memory consolidation (e.g., Craig, Ottaway, & Dewar, 2018;Dewar, Alber, Butler, Cowan, & Della Sala, 2012;Dewar, Garcia, Cowan, & Della Sala, 2009;Humiston et al, 2019;Tambini & Davachi, 2019;Tambini, Ketz, & Davachi, 2010;Wamsley, 2019). For instance, memory for stories was found superior after 10 minutes spent in a wakeful resting state than after an equivalent period of time spent in active wakefulness (Dewar et al, 2012).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…the presentation of learning-related cues during offline periods, can additionally enhance memory consolidation (for reviews see e.g. Hu et al, 2020;. For instance, TMR during post-training wakefulness was found to rescue targeted memories from forgetting (Farthouat, Gilson, & Peigneux, 2017;Oudiette, Antony, Creery, & Paller, 2013), although this was not always replicated (see e.g.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%