Promoting justified risk-based decisions in contaminated land management

Reinikainen, Jussi; Sorvari, Jaana

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.074

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The precautionary and polluter pays principles are also significant components of UK contaminated land management. The precautionary principle promotes discretion in the presence of uncertainty, seeking to protect the public from exposure to harm (Reinikainen and Sorvari, 2016), while the polluter pays principles assigns liability for clean-up on the person or persons responsible for the release of a polluting substance (Catney et al, 2006;EA, 2009a Overall, the UK's contaminated land legislation uses a risk-based, tiered approach to support decision making as outlined in CLR 11 (DEFRA, 2012;DEFRA and EA, 2004). Tier 1 requires that a potential connection be identified between a hazard and a receptor, and this is done using the source, pathway and receptor S-P-R model (EA, 2004).…”

Section: Contaminated Land Management In the Ukmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Governments must prioritise the allocation of limited resources to clean-up contaminated sites. Decisions to prioritise sites are often risk-based, and frameworks to assess risk adopt the source-pathway-receptor (SPR) model (Luo et al, 2009;Reinikainen and Sorvari, 2016). The SPR model determines whether there is a linkage between pollutant and receptor ( Rodrigues et al, 2009b;Swartjes, 2011;Defra, 2012).…”

Section: Risk-based Decisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If no pollutant linkage is identified then there is no risk, but if risk exists, an assessment of severity can be used to identify those sites that pose a significant risk to receptors (Nathanail et al, 2013). Importantly, this process promotes the use of evidence to justify decisions (Reinikainen and Sorvari, 2016).…”

Section: Risk-based Decisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites in Nigeria: Current challenges and future direction

2017

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Sites affected by petroleum hydrocarbons from oil exploitation activities have been identified as a major environmental and socioeconomic problem in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The current Nigerian regulatory instruments to manage these contaminated sites are fragmented and the roles and responsibilities of government agencies, such as the Department for Petroleum Resources (DPR), and the National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency (NOSDRA), are not well defined. This lack of coordination has led to ineffective land contamination policy and poor enforcement more generally. Appropriate, risk-based policy instruments are needed to improve regulatory capacity, and to enhance the regulator's ability to manage new and existing petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated sites. Lessons can be learned from countries like the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States America (USA) that have experience with the management and clean up of historically contaminated land. In this paper, we review the status of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites management in Nigeria and identify the gaps in existing policy and regulation. We review the contaminated land policies and regulation from the UK and the USA, and identify lessons that could be transferred to the Nigerian system. Finally, we provide a series of recommendations (e.g. source-pathway-receptor approach, soil screening criteria, clean-up funding, liability) that could enhance contaminated land legislation in Nigeria.

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Section: Contaminated Land Management In the Ukmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk-based Decisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites in Nigeria: Current challenges and future direction

2017

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“…The future land use could be a stable landscape, agriculture, grazing, housing or cultural and recreational (Mishra et al 2012). Any remedial efforts should be directed towards removing the risk rather than the contaminant (Reinikainen and Sorvari 2016). The traditional methods of remediation are based on excavation and subsequent disposal of the contaminated soil which is not only very expensive but does not eliminate the contaminant since it is only transferred to another site (Kuppusamy et al 2016b).…”

Section: Risk-based Remediation Of Amls-a Sustainable Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these metal concentrations represent the total metal concentrations and major portion of this metal may not be naturally bioavailable due to ageing in which bioavailability of the metal decreases over a long period of time due to physiochemical or biological processes such as weathering, sequestration etc. Therefore, risk based remediation that considers social, economic and environmental factors and directed towards eliminating or minimising risk to human and environmental health as a cost effective approach has been recently gaining more recognition for remediation of contaminated sites worldwide (Reinikainen and Sorvari 2016). This approach considers contaminant bioavailability therefore its exposure and risk to biota as central rather than total contaminant which saves the industry substantial costs from unnecessary remediation (Latawiec et al 2010).…”

Section: Risk-based Remediation Of Amls-a Sustainable Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abandoned metalliferous mines: ecological impacts and potential approaches for reclamation

Venkateswarlu

Nirola

Kuppusamy

et al. 2016

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

111

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The lack of awareness for timely management of the environment surrounding a metal mine site results in several adverse consequences such as rampant business losses, abandoning the bread-earning mining industry, domestic instability and rise in ghost towns, increased environmental pollution, and indirect long-term impacts on the ecosystem. Although several abandoned mine lands (AMLs) exist globally, information on these derelict mines has not been consolidated in the literature. We present here the state-of-the-art on AMLs in major mining countries with emphasis on their impact towards soil health and biodiversity, remediation methods, and laws governing management of mined sites. While reclamation of metalliferous mines by phytoremediation is still a suitable option, there exist several limitations for its implementation. However, many issues of phytoremediation at the derelict mines can be resolved following phytostabilization, a technology that is effective also at the modern operational mine sites. The use of transgenic plant species in phytoremediation of metals in contaminated sites is also gaining momentum. In any case, monitoring and efficacy testing for bioremediation of mined sites is essential. The approaches for reclamation of metalliferous mines such as environmental awareness, effective planning and assessment of pre-and postmining activities, implementation of regulations, and a safe and good use of phytostabilizers among the native plants for revegetation and ecological restoration are discussed in detail in the present review. We also suggest the use of microbially-enhanced phytoremediation and nanotechnology for efficient reclamation of AMLs, and identify future work warranted in this area of research. Further, we believe that the integration of science of remediation with mining policies and regulations is a reliable option which when executed can virtually balance economic development and environmental destruction for safer future.

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Identification of Toxicants from a Highly C₁₀–C₄₀‐Contaminated Sediment Influenced by the Wood Industry: Petroleum Hydrocarbons or Biogenic Organic Compounds?

Dahl

Survo

Välitalo

et al. 2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Sediment from a log pond located in south Finland contained 15 000 to 50 000 mg/kg dry weight of C10–C40 hydrocarbons. It was unclear whether they originated from the hydraulic fluid of the log hoist or the wood extractives. In the present study, methods of effect‐directed analysis were used for the identification of toxicants. A combination of fractionation, biotesting, and chemical analyses revealed that the key toxicant of log pond sediment was retene, a dialkyl‐substituted phenanthrene derived from wood resin acids. In addition, the most toxic fraction included 3 other wood‐originated diterpenic compounds. Typical wood extractives such as sesquiterpenes and odd–carbon number alkanes in the range C21–C33 were identified in the fraction, which showed minor genotoxic potency. The most polar fraction contained triterpenes and showed estrogenic activity. No evidence for the presence of hydraulic fluid in sediment was found. The study also indicated that in cases where the organic matter content of sediment or soil is high, using the results of standard mineral oil analysis in risk management can lead to incorrect actions because standard methods do not differentiate petroleum hydrocarbons from biogenic hydrocarbons. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;9999:1–11. © 2019 SETAC

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Promoting justified risk-based decisions in contaminated land management

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Management of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites in Nigeria: Current challenges and future direction

Management of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites in Nigeria: Current challenges and future direction

Abandoned metalliferous mines: ecological impacts and potential approaches for reclamation

Identification of Toxicants from a Highly C₁₀–C₄₀‐Contaminated Sediment Influenced by the Wood Industry: Petroleum Hydrocarbons or Biogenic Organic Compounds?

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Promoting justified risk-based decisions in contaminated land management

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Management of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites in Nigeria: Current challenges and future direction

Management of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites in Nigeria: Current challenges and future direction

Abandoned metalliferous mines: ecological impacts and potential approaches for reclamation

Identification of Toxicants from a Highly C10–C40‐Contaminated Sediment Influenced by the Wood Industry: Petroleum Hydrocarbons or Biogenic Organic Compounds?

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Product

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Identification of Toxicants from a Highly C₁₀–C₄₀‐Contaminated Sediment Influenced by the Wood Industry: Petroleum Hydrocarbons or Biogenic Organic Compounds?