Promoting healthy beginnings: A randomized controlled trial of a preventive intervention to preserve marital quality during the transition to parenthood.

Schulz, Milford D.; Cowan, Carolyn Pape; Cowan, Philip A.

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.74.1.20

Cited by 195 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Schulz et al concluded that marital satisfaction of those couples who do not receive training during the pregnancy and postpartum, about features and changes of these periods, would be decreased significantly (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Group Sexual Counseling on the Sexual Response of Pregnant Women

Navidian¹,

Kykhaee²,

Imani³

et al. 2017

IJWHR

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IntroductionPregnancy is one of the most critical periods of women life which can make physical, mental and behavioral changes. These physical and psychological changes may also lead to changes in sexual and marital relations of couples (1, 2). Conflicts and challenges of couples associated with pregnancy and multiple physical and psychological changes during pregnancy reduce quality of the sexual relation (3, 4). During pregnancy and even months after childbirth, desire for sexual activity decreases and rate of sexual dysfunctions compared to pre-pregnancy increases. This can cause emergence of considerable turmoil in relations between spouses (5). Couple's relationship quality during pregnancy is largely influenced by their sexual relations and specific set of beliefs and opinions that have been exist around the world which know no borders (6). As the pregnant women report lower levels of sexual desire and sexual intimacy comparing with non-pregnant women (3), stressful physical, emotional and financial factors resulting from pregnancy may have a negative effect on the emotional and sexual intimacy. Attitudes and sexual behaviors during pregnancy are affected by sexual value systems, indigenous culture, traditional and religious beliefs (7). Some of the beliefs such as change of mental image of one's own body (body image), discarding the sexual activity and feeling guilty about sexual relations during pregnancy, decreased feeling about being attractive to the husband, fear of harming the fetus, fear of miscarriage and preterm delivery, etc may have negative effect on the individual sexual response and finally on the relationship of couples, that it cause anxiety and lack of confidence of them (8-10).About 86% to 100% of couples keep their sexual activity during pregnancy; most of women show decreased sexual desire and frequency of sexual intercourse as the pregnancy is progressed (11). Although sexual desire, performance and satisfaction of pregnant women and husbands are unpredictable and may increase, decrease or remain unchanged during pregnancy (7,12), Fok et al showed that more than 60% of women and 40% of their spouse experienced decrease sexual desire and arousal during pregnancy, and more than 80% of women and their spouse were concerned about harmfulness of sexual activity on the fetus (13).Although continued sexual activity during pregnancy, without proper principles, lead to complications for mother and fetus, medical science has not placed restrictions on sexual activity in a healthy pregnancy and the balanced sexual relationship can be continued during pregnancy apart from high-risk groups (14). Results of meta-analy- AbstractObjectives: Sexual activity is one of the most important issues in life. Sex during pregnancy can fluctuate according to physical and psychological changes. This study aimed to examine the effect of sex group counseling on sexual response of pregnant women. Materials and Methods:This study is a quasi-experimental intervention. Among pregnant women of Zahedan who were referred...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Group Sexual Counseling on the Sexual Response of Pregnant Women

Navidian¹,

Kykhaee²,

Imani³

et al. 2017

IJWHR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, women who are found to be at high risk could be referred to specialized care providers. Furthermore, the relationship between the parents could be strengthened by brief relationship interventions (Schulz, Cowan, & Cowan, 2006), as one of the major sources of resilience during the transition to parenthood is living in an emotionally supportive relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant irritability: The impact of fetal alcohol exposure, maternal depressive symptoms, and low emotional support from the husband

Lemola

Stadlmayr

Grob

2009

Infant Mental Health Journal

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of fetal alcohol exposure, maternal depressive symptoms, and low emotional support from the husband on infant irritability in the first one and a half years of life. Four models describing the interplay of these factors were assessed: A direct effect model, an interaction or threshold model, a mediational model and a transactional model. Method: A sample of initially 458 women was assessed in a prospective 3-wave study across the first 17 months after childbirth. Fetal alcohol exposure was questioned retrospectively six weeks after birth. Infant irritability was reported by the mothers and fathers. Results: Support for the direct effect model and the interaction model could be found: Fetal alcohol exposure and low emotional support from the husband were associated with increased infant irritability at 5 months. The impact of fetal alcohol exposure was moderated by postnatal depressive symptoms. More irritability was reported if both risk factors, prenatal alcohol exposure and maternal depressive symptoms, were present. Infant irritability and maternal depressive symptoms were associated cross-sectionally. At the age of 17 months only a main effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on irritability could be found. Conclusion: Direct effects of fetal alcohol exposure, maternal depressive symptoms, and low emotional support from the husband on infant irritability as well as an interaction between fetal alcohol exposure and maternal depressive symptoms were revealed. The interaction can be understood in terms of a diathesisstress model. However, no longitudinal associations between maternal depressive symptoms and infant irritability could be found. Objetivos: La meta de este estudio fue investigar el impacto que el haber estado el feto expuesto al alcohol, los síntomas de la depresión maternal, y el bajo apoyo emocional de parte del esposo tienen sobre la irritabilidad del infante en el primer año y medio de vida. Se evaluaron cuatro modelos que describen el interjuego de estos factores: un modelo de efecto directo, un modelo de interacción o de entrada, un modelo de meditación y un modelo transaccional. Método: Un grupo muestra de 458 mujeres fue evaluado en un estudio de tres etapas futuras a través de los 17 meses después del nacimiento del niño. El haber estado el feto expuesto al alcohol fue investigado retrospectivamente seis semanas después del nacimiento. Las madres y los padres reportaron la irritabilidad del infante. Resultados: Se puede encontrar apoyo para el modelo directo y el modelo de interacción: se asociaron la exposición al alcohol del feto y el bajo apoyo emocional del esposo con el incremento de la irritabilidad del infante a los 5 meses. El impacto de la exposición del feto al alcohol fue moderada por los síntomas depresivos postnatales. Se reportó más irritabilidad si ambos factores de riesgo, la exposición del feto al alcohol y los síntomas de depresión maternal, se encontraban presentes. La irritabilidad del infante y los s...

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“…The differences in relationship satisfaction trajectories are strikingly different between postpartum and childless couples. Marital satisfaction among childless couples appears to increase across time, whereas marital satisfaction among new parents declines [93]. There are also differences in relationship stability based on parity.…”

Section: Sleep and Parents' Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 84%

Postpartum Sleep in New Mothers and Fathers

Montgomery‐Downs¹,

Stremler²,

Insana³

2013

TOSLPJ

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Abstract:In this review, we describe postpartum sleep as characterized by marked fragmentation, resulting in nearuniversal fatigue during the initial postpartum period. This sleep disturbance and fatigue are major contributing factors to the onset of affect and mood disturbance, which in turn is strongly associated with an increase in negative infant-parent interactions and adverse infant emotional and cognitive outcomes. Although less-frequently studied, postpartum fathers also experience sleep disturbance and sleepiness associated impairments that impact their families. Despite this, postpartum sleep should be considered a normative developmental period, and the need for intervention can be seen as a byproduct of social and economic expectations that new parents return to the workforce soon after childbirth. Heretofore, there is little evidence to support the efficacy of interventions to improve parent sleep, though some suggest that socially disadvantaged families may benefit most from advice regarding infant and maternal sleep. Also reviewed here is the evidence for a high proportion of children reported to co-sleep with their parents -despite the professional recommendations in the United States -and the need for family education regarding safe co-sleeping. Finally, one obstacle to a woman's decision to breastfeed may be concern about how this will affect her sleep; the evidence for a lack of impact of infant breast feeding on maternal sleep is evident.

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Promoting healthy beginnings: A randomized controlled trial of a preventive intervention to preserve marital quality during the transition to parenthood.

Cited by 195 publications

References 37 publications

The Effect of Group Sexual Counseling on the Sexual Response of Pregnant Women

The Effect of Group Sexual Counseling on the Sexual Response of Pregnant Women

Infant irritability: The impact of fetal alcohol exposure, maternal depressive symptoms, and low emotional support from the husband

Postpartum Sleep in New Mothers and Fathers

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