Promote Intratumoral Drug Release and Penetration to Counteract Docetaxel‐Induced Metastasis by Photosensitizer‐Modified Red Blood Cell Membrane‐Coated Nanoparticle

Abstract

The red blood cell membrane (RBCm) provides tight protection, lowers the immunogenicity, and prolongs the circulation time of drugs in vivo when acting as the coating of drug delivery systems. However, the cellular uptake and release of drugs are hindered by RBCm. Docetaxel (DTX) is the first-line medicine for treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but it induces tumor metastasis. To solve these dilemmas, in this study, the photosensitizer 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR)-modified RBCm (DM) is prepared, which is coated onto a hybrid micelle consisting of the prodrugs of DTX and the anti-metastasis agent calcitriol (CTL), obtaining a nanoparticle, named HDC-DM. In a 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model, after injecting HDC-DM, the intratumoral DTX and CTL concentrations are increased by 1.7 and 2.5 times compared with the free drug groups. After irradiating tumors with near-infrared laser, DiR elicits the photothermal effect, triggering the rupture of RBCm and drug release, promoting drug penetration in tumors, and inducing immunogenic cell death. The tumor growth inhibition rate is 77%, and the formation of lung metastases is reduced by 82%, with good biocompatibility. It is suggested that the combination of phototherapy, chemotherapy, and anti-metastatic therapy using HDC-DM is expected to be a powerful strategy for treating TNBC.

A dual-sensitive nanoparticle-mediated deepening synergistic therapy strategy involving DNA damage and ICD stimuli to treat triple-negative breast cancer

“…5I). 34,35 Among all groups, the Ce6/HDP + L group possessed the highest concentration of IFN-γ, which was consistent with the results of the rate of DC maturation. These results verified that the Ce6/HDP NPs with laser irradiation efficiently induced ICD and promoted the in vivo maturation of DCs.…”

Design of Mitoxantrone‐Loaded Biomimetic Nanocarrier with Sequential Photothermal/Photodynamic/Chemotherapy Effect for Synergized Immunotherapy

“…The drug‐loading capacity of the particles was determined (Figure S2, Supporting Information) at various feeding ratios, and the mass feeding ratio (MTO:PPE) of 1:10 was used in subsequent experiment. Then, the RBC membrane was collected from BALB/c mice, according to the protocol reported in a previous study [ 27–29 ] and used to coat the obtained PPE MTO . After optimization, the weight ratio of cell membrane to polymer was set at 1.0 to obtain stable biomimetic nanomedicine RBC@PPE MTO .…”

Biomimetic Nanoparticle with Glutathione Depletion and Amplified ROS Generation Capabilities for Synergistic Chemo-Sonodynamic Therapy in Squamous Cell Carcinomas

“…RBC membranes were extracted from female BALB/c nude mice as described in previous reports. − Briefly, whole blood was collected in PBS (1×, pH = 7.4) containing heparin sodium. RBCs were isolated via centrifugation (3000 rpm, 5 min, 4 °C), and the supernatant and white chorion layer were removed.…”