Promising Performance for Efficient CO₂ Separation with the p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arene/Pebax-1657 Mixed Matrix Membrane

Abstract

Highlighting mixed matrix membrane (MMM) susceptibility in improving the membrane performance along with established p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene (CA) ability in CO 2 sorption, Pebax-1657-based MMMs have been prepared using various contents of CA. In this regard, well-distributed particles in the polymeric matrix without agglomeration has been achieved because of the organic nature of both Pebax-1657 and CA. Additionally, their miscibility was intensified by noncovalent interactions between functional groups on the backbone of two materials. Furthermore, permeability of CO 2 gas was significantly increased by introducing CA into the polymeric matrix, as well as selectivity of CO 2 /N 2 and CO 2 / CH 4 . This result was more remarkable in the sample containing 0.75 wt % CA that improved the permeation of CO 2 from 140.78 Barrer to 265.18 (about 88%) in comparison to the pure Pebax-1657 membrane. Accordingly, the selectivity of CO 2 /CH 4 and CO 2 /N 2 was enhanced from 25.35 to 51.51 (almost 103%) and from 43.18 to 109.16 (almost 152%), respectively, compared with the pure membrane. As a consequence, physical interactions between functional groups of CA and CO 2 gas were considered to be the key parameter affecting the remarkable permeation results. It is noteworthy that the MMM containing 0.75 wt % of CA overpassed the 2008 Robeson upper-bound limit.

Poly(ether‐block‐amide) membrane with deformability and adjustable surface hydrophilicity for water purification

“…[ 21–25 ] In particular, the glass transition temperature of elastic polymer material such as poly(ether‐block‐amide) (Pebax) can reach minus tens of degrees Celsius. [ 26–29 ] And it appears obvious elastic deformation behavior below 0°C, which will improve the contact between the material and ice, and thus the processing efficiency.…”

Thermal induced intrinsic self‐healing in epoxy based elastomer coatings provided by disulfide metathesis reactions

“…This analysis was carried out in the temperature range of −100 to 100°C, at a heating rate of 5°C min −1 under and N 2 atmosphere at 1 Hz to obtain elastomers storage modulus and tan δ curves. The average molecular weight between the crosslinkings have been calculated by Equation () 43,44 where d is the elastomer density, R is the universal gas constant (8.31 J mol −1 K −1 ), T is the absolute temperature and E' refers to the storage moduli.…”

“…38 Considerably, the fabricated elastomer via their suggested method could be reshaped and reprocessed by room-temperature compression through rearrangements of the cross-linked. 38 In continuous to our previous studies on self-healing materials [39][40][41][42][43] and polymer properties, 25,44 self-heal epoxy coatings have been prepared using disulfide metathesis reaction. In this regard, an epoxy terminated chain extender with capability of performing reversible reaction has been synthesized via functionalization of 3,3 0 -dithiodipropionic acid (DTPA) with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA).…”

“…In continuous to our previous studies on self‐healing materials 39–43 and polymer properties, 25,44 self‐heal epoxy coatings have been prepared using disulfide metathesis reaction. In this regard, an epoxy terminated chain extender with capability of performing reversible reaction has been synthesized via functionalization of 3,3′‐dithiodipropionic acid (DTPA) with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA).…”

Engineering membranes with macrocycles for precise molecular separations

“…More recently, Pedram and coworkers prepared Pebax membranes containing p-tert-butyl-calix [4]arene as organic additive for CO 2 separation. 188 The filler was effectively distributed in the polymeric matrix with high compatibility. The permeability of CO 2 was significantly increased by introducing calix [4] respectively.…”