Promising emission behavior in Pr 3+ /In selenide-chalcogenide-glass small-core step index fiber (SIF)

Abstract

Selenide-chalcogenide glass, small-core, step-index fiber (SIF), core-doped with Pr 3+ : 9.51 x 10 24 ions m -3 (500 ppmw) is fabricated for the first time with indium to help solubilize Pr 3+ . Core diameters of 20 or 40 µm are confirmed using scanning electron microscopy and near-field imaging; fibre numerical aperture is ~0.4. Optical loss is ≥4.9 dB m -1 across the 3-9m mid-infrared (MIR) spectral range. On pumping at 1.55 m or 2.013 m, the SIFs give broad MIR emission across 3.5-6 m assigned to 3 H6 3 H5 and 3 H5 3 H4. The Pr 3+ emission-lifetime at 4.7 m decreases from bulk-glass (10.1 ±0.3 ms), to intermediately processed fiber (8.10 ±0.5 ms) to SIF (7.1 ±0.5 ms) induced by the processing. On end-pumping SIFs at 2.013 µm, the output pump-power and emission intensity at 4.7 µm became sub-linear and super-linear, respectively, suggesting MIR excited-state saturation is occurring.

Effect of glass composition on the physical properties and luminescence of Pr3+ ion‐doped chalcogenide glasses

“…[1][2][3][4] MIR light sources play a vital role in many applications, including biomedical sensing, environmental monitoring, and quality monitoring; thus, these sources have grown rapidly in recent years. [10][11][12] Chalcogenide glasses (ChG) have several properties that make them attractive as a host of rare earth (RE) ions for MIR emission 2,8,[12][13][14][15] (eg, high transparency in a wide spectral range of 0.5-20 µm depending on the composition, low optical loss in the MIR, high refractive index(n), relatively high solubility of RE elements, and low phonon energy). [10][11][12] Chalcogenide glasses (ChG) have several properties that make them attractive as a host of rare earth (RE) ions for MIR emission 2,8,[12][13][14][15] (eg, high transparency in a wide spectral range of 0.5-20 µm depending on the composition, low optical loss in the MIR, high refractive index(n), relatively high solubility of RE elements, and low phonon energy).…”

“…1,14 In addition, the phonon energy of sulfur-based (400-450 cm −1 ) glasses and Se-based (approximately 350 cm −1 ) glasses is lower than those of fluoride glasses and oxide glasses, 2,16 thereby resulting in a small multiphonon nonradiative relaxation probability, and increasing the quantum efficiency of MIR transitions. 12,15 Developing MIR optical fiber lasers and amplifiers using Pr 3+ ion-doped ChG due to high quantum efficiency of optical transitions in the MIR region is promising. 1,15 Therefore, RE ion-doped Se-based ChG is considered a promising infrared laser matrix material.…”

“…[5][6][7][8][9] In addition, the new MIR wavelength is also meaningful for laser processing and material welding, such as human tissue cutting and welding, neurosurgery, and dermatology. [10][11][12] Chalcogenide glasses (ChG) have several properties that make them attractive as a host of rare earth (RE) ions for MIR emission 2,8,[12][13][14][15] (eg, high transparency in a wide spectral range of 0.5-20 µm depending on the composition, low optical loss in the MIR, high refractive index(n), relatively high solubility of RE elements, and low phonon energy). Studies of Se-and S-based ChG have attracted considerable interest.…”

“…1,15 Therefore, RE ion-doped Se-based ChG is considered a promising infrared laser matrix material. 12,15 Developing MIR optical fiber lasers and amplifiers using Pr 3+ ion-doped ChG due to high quantum efficiency of optical transitions in the MIR region is promising. 2,15 Shaw et al reported the 3-5 μm IR transitions in Pr 3+ ion-doped Ba-In-Ga-Ge selenide glasses for the first time.…”

Simultaneous Dual-mode Emission and Tunable Multicolor in the Time Domain from Lanthanide-doped Core-shell Microcrystals

“…In addition, these materials have attracted a great deal of attention owing to their magnetic and thermal properties. These properties lead to widespread applications in various areas, such as volumetric display [3,4], solar cell [5], optical data storage [3,6,7], photothermal therapy [8,9], temperature sensing [10], laser [11,12], bioimaging [13,14] and anti-counterfeiting [2,15,16]. Ln 3+ -doped materials with tunable emission colors as security inks have been one of most commonly utilized methods for high-level anti-fake due to its difficult duplication and tunable luminescence properties [15,17,18].…”