Promising directions for the use of waste from biotechnological production

Abstract

Waste is one of the most important environmental and economic problems of our time, the solution of which requires the use of new technologies. The article describes the main promising areas for the use of waste from biotechnological industries, which are valuable sources of organic and inorganic substances. One of the promising areas of biotechnological and microbiological industries is the production of bacterial exopolysaccharides, the production of microbial enzymes from waste products of the food, pharmaceutical and technical industries, which can reduce the cost of developing nutrient media for the cultivation of valuable microbial producers. By means of lowtemperature and high-temperature pyrolysis, it is possible to intensify the process of gasification of municipal waste, which can have a positive impact on the environment. The use of waste, on the one hand, makes it possible to reduce the costs of production of microbial synthesis components, and, on the other hand, allows for the environmental management of industrial waste.

Problems and the future of environmental biotechnology

“…Advanced bioremediation methods have been developed, including bioaugmentation, bioventing, bioslarping and phytoremediation. Bioaugmentation ("bio-improvement") relatively large amounts of specialized microorganisms (biologics) are introduced into the contaminated environment, which have been isolated in advance from various contaminated sources and/or especially genetically modified [1,7]. The selected microorganisms are pre-propagated in fermenters under conditions close to the conditions of polluted soil, and then introduced in the required volumes into the polluted environment.…”

“…Bioslarping combines bio blowing and removal of substances. Phytoremediation is a complex of methods of wastewater, soil and atmospheric air purification using green plants [3,7].…”

“…The main sources of pollution are insufficiently treated wastewater from industrial and municipal enterprises, large livestock complexes, production waste from the development of ore minerals, discharges of water and rail transport; pesticides, etc. [7]. The growing industrial and agricultural pollution has led to an increased need for processes that allow the filtration of certain pollutants, such as nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, heavy metals and chlorinated compounds.…”

“…The main problem of creating systems for converting biomass energy into hydrogen is related to the conversion of these metabolites into fuel form. For biotechnology, it would be possible to use other mechanisms of energy conversion identified in microorganisms [5][6][7].…”