Promising Chemoprevention of Colonic Aberrant Crypt Foci by Portunus segnis Muscle and Shell Extracts in Azoxymethane-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats

Abstract

Background and Purpose: This study subjected a rat model to the extracts of muscle and shell tissues from Protonus segnis to assess their therapeutic effects on the HT-29 colon cancer cells as well as on colonic Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF) induced by Azoxymethane (AOM). Methods: The cell line was exposed to the extracts to compare cytotoxicity of hexane, butanol, ethyl acetate, and water extract of muscle and ethanolic extract of shell. Male rats (n=40) were assigned into control, positive, negative, and treatment groups. The animals were injected with AOM, except the control group, and then exposed to 250 and 500mg/kg of the crud extracts. Immunohistochemical localization of Bax and Bcl-2 as well as ACF and antioxidant enzymes were evaluated in the rat colon. Results: Results: The butanolic muscle extract and ethanolic shell one demonstrated an IC50 of 9.02±0.19µg/ml and 20.23±0.27µg/ml towards the cell line, respectively. Dietary exposure inhibited ACF formation and crypt multiplicity in colon compared to cancer control group. The activity of SOD and CAT increased, while that of MDA decreased. The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 increased and decreased, respectively. Conclusion: Taken together, our results show that both extractions were suggested to be suppressive to AOM-induced colon cancer.

Investigation into the Potential Role of Propionibacterium freudenreichii in Prevention of Colorectal Cancer and Its Effects on the Diversity of Gut Microbiota in Rats

“…In general, CRC develops and spreads through stages, each of which features unregulated and fast cell proliferation, as well as inhibition of apoptosis [33]. The rat model captures and expresses the majority of essential molecular, morphological, and clinical characteristics associated with CRC in humans, such as the creation of ACF, which is thought to be a precursor to malignant tumors [34]. ACF development is now commonly acknowledged as a viable endpoint in short-term chemo-preventive trials, and is considered to be the gold standard of colon carcinogenesis biomarkers [33,35].…”

Consumption of Feed Supplemented with Oat Beta-Glucan as a Chemopreventive Agent against Colon Cancerogenesis in Rats

“…Aberrant crypt foci (ACF), recognized as preneoplastic lesions of the colon, represent the earliest identifiable intermediate precancerous lesions in CRC. This phenomenon is observed in both laboratory rodents [ 8 , 9 ] and humans [ 10 ] and can be identified microscopically on the surface of the entire colonic mucosa, serving as a valuable histological marker in the development of CRC. Furthermore, ACF are also considered as a unique biomarker to evaluate the potential preventive efficacy of various factors or compounds against CRC in the early stages of cancer development [ 10 ].…”