Promethazine, scopolamine and cinnarizine: comparative time course of psychological performance effects

Parrott, Andrew C.; Wesnes, Keith

doi:10.1007/bf00176487

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The latter measure reflects an increase in false alarms, which may have relevance for clinical conditions. Parrott and Wesnes (1987) found oral scopolamine to impair the recognition time for new words, and the present study confirms this effect and shows that recognition time for original words is also impaired. In a memory scanning task, Callaway et al (1985) found a non-significant slowing of reactions with an oral dose of 1.2mg scopolamine.…”

Section: Dlscussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, recent work using batteries of cognitive tasks has found some evidence that scopolamine impairs performance both on attentional and memory tests (Parrott, 1986;Parrott and Wesnes, 1987), supporting an earlier finding (Ostfeld and Aruguette, 1962). Importantly, Parrott (1986) found significant linear dose-response relationships in the decrements produced in choice reaction time, letter cancellation and verbal recall with oral doses of scopolamine ranging from 0.15 to 1-2mg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

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An investigation of the range of cognitive impairments induced by scopolamine 0·6 mg s.c

Wesnes

Simpson

Kidd

1988

Human Psychopharmacology

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107

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The present study was conducted to determine the degree to which impairments in attention accompany the memory deficits produced by scopolamine. Eighteen healthy young volunteers received scopolamine 0.6 mg subcutaneously on three experimental sessions and placebo on three others. On each session, prior to, and 60min after injection, the subjects underwent an automated computerized battery of 1 1 cognitive tasks. The study was run double-blind and the order of treatment conditions over successive visits was counterbalanced between subjects. Scopolamine produced marked and significant decrements on all major aspects of performance from the battery. The drug lowered the efficiency of the detection and processing of information in tests of visual vigilance, rapid information processing, choice reaction, letter cancellation and logical reasoning. These effects were accompanied by a lowering of critical flicker-fusion frequency and subjective alertness. Memory was also impaired on tests of immediate recall, delayed recall, recognition and memory scanning. These findings confirm and extend previous work, demonstrating that scopolamine impairs the selection and evaluation of enviroilmental information, as well as reducing the likelihood of information being subsequently recalled or recognized. Whether the former effects contribute to the latter is not known, but this must be considered a possibility. This potential role of processing deficits in memory loss associated with cholinergic blockade is briefly considered in relation to the cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory loss.KEY worn-Scopolamine, cholinergic system, human cognition, attention, information processing, memory, automated cognitive test battery, cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory loss.

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Section: Dlscussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

An investigation of the range of cognitive impairments induced by scopolamine 0·6 mg s.c

Wesnes

Simpson

Kidd

1988

Human Psychopharmacology

Self Cite

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…memory for new information, information processing, thinking and problem-solving. This task battery included tasks with demonstrated sensitivity to the effects of scopolamine and cinnarizine (Parrott, 1986a;Parrott and Wesnes, 1987). However only five out of the 26 performance indices demonstrated significant ANOVA drug x time or drug effects, and only two of these produced patterns of effect which could be explained in terms of consistent drug action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stott et al (1984) found no significant performance changes 1-2 h following 15 mg oral cinnarizine. Parrott and Wesnes (1987) demonstrated decrements on several tasks 5-6 h, but not 1-2 h, following administration of 30mg oral cinnarizine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The effects of single and repeated doses of oral scopolamine, cinnarizine, and placebo upon psychological performance and physiological functioning

Parrott

Golding²,

Pethybridge

1990

Human Psychopharmacology

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The present study was one in a series in the Institute of Naval Medicine's Motion Illness Project. A battery of psychological performance tests (producing 26 indices of mental and hand-eye co-ordination), together with visual near fixation point, resting heart rate and a self-rated feeling state questionnaire, were used to compare the effects of thrice-daily oral doses of scopolamine (0.6mg), cinnarizine (30mg) and a lactose placebo in a double-blind crossover trial on 12 healthy male volunteers. Measurements were made 1-2 h and 5-6 h after the initial dose, then the next day following the last successive dose (1-2 and 5-6 h after the fourth dose; or 25-26 and 29-30 h after the initial dose). Scopolamine demonstrated clear physiological effects, with reduced heart rate from the first oral dose onwards, and visual near-point values increasingly distant over successive doses. Cinnarizine did not produce significant physiological changes. Neither drug produced significant effects on subjective mood. Significant ANOVA drug effects or drug x time interaction effects were present with five out of the 26 performance variables: logical reasoning error, memory word-recall errors; continuous four choice reaction time; concept identification time; SERS task commission error. However only two of these (memory error, four choice reaction time) demonstrated patterns of effect which were considered to be attributable to the drugs. Both cinnarizine and scopolamine impaired memory error and four choice reaction time. Only for visual near-point with scopolamine was there evidence that repeated dosing led to increasing physiological/mental performance effects.

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“…In healthy volunteers, its side-effects of provoking excessive sedation and affecting cognitive and motor function have been well demonstrated. 18,19 Due to its action of antagonizing dopaminergic and noradrenergic receptors, the combination of promethazine and haloperidol may actually increase the risk of hypotension and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. 20 One possible explanation for the dissemination of the use of promethazine in the management of psychomotor agitation in Brazil is the unavailability of the intramuscular presentation of lorazepam.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Manejo de paciente agitado ou agressivo

Mantovani

Migon

Alheira

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To review current data concerning the management of agitated or aggressive patients. Method: A search was performed in the PubMed and Web of Science databases and empirical articles and reviews about pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for the management of agitation and/or violence were selected and analyzed. Results: The non-pharmacological management of agitation/aggression involves the physical organization of the emergency department and the adequacy of the behavior and attitudes of health professionals. The main goal of pharmacological management is rapid tranquilization, aimed at reducing symptoms of agitation and aggression without inducing deep or prolonged sedation, keeping the patient calm but fully or partially responsive. Polypharmacy should be avoided and medication doses should be as low as possible, adjusted according to clinical requirements. Intramuscular administration of drugs should be considered as a last option. Available options related to the use of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines are described and discussed. The physical management by means of mechanical restraint may be necessary in violent situations involving risks for the patient or staff and must be performed according to strict criteria. Conclusion: Procedures must be carefully implemented to avoid physical and emotional complications for patients and staff. Descriptors

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Promethazine, scopolamine and cinnarizine: comparative time course of psychological performance effects

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

An investigation of the range of cognitive impairments induced by scopolamine 0·6 mg s.c

An investigation of the range of cognitive impairments induced by scopolamine 0·6 mg s.c

The effects of single and repeated doses of oral scopolamine, cinnarizine, and placebo upon psychological performance and physiological functioning

Manejo de paciente agitado ou agressivo

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