Prolonged Tolbutamide-Induced Hypoglycemia

Cherner, Rachmel; Groppe, C. W.; Rupp, J. J.

doi:10.1001/jama.1963.03060110087026

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The principle of oxidative desizing and scouring is based on the addition of persulphate salt during alkaline boil-off that breaks down starch [23,24]. Persulphate salt (potassium, sodium or ammonium persulphate) and K 2 P 2 O 8 have been shown to be effective for desizing [25,26]. Persulphate is recommended for ambient temperature desizing, whereas perphosphate requires higher temperature for activation.…”

Section: Combined Desizing/scouring and Cationisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a one‐stage process for pretreatment and cationisation of cotton fabric

Hashem¹

2006

Coloration Technology

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A one‐stage process for cationisation and pretreatment of cotton fabric was developed. Cationisation of cotton cellulose was carried out with 3‐chloro‐2‐hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, whereas pretreatment comprised enzymatic and oxidative desizing, scouring, bleaching with hydrogen peroxide, combined desizing and scouring as well as combined desizing, scouring and bleaching. Each of these pretreatment operations or their combination with and without cationisation was carried out using three techniques, namely, cold pad–batch, pad–steam and exhaustion. It was found that the cationisation chemicals were compatible with the scouring ingredients and, to a lesser extent, with the formulation of enzymatic desizing. On the other hand, cationisation chemicals were not compatible with oxidative desizing or peroxide bleaching ingredients. Efficiency of the one‐step process for scouring and cationisation was maximised through detailed investigation of the process parameters. The treated fabric can be dyed without electrolyte and the fabrics show a high levelness of colour shade, residual wax content and nitrogen content.

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Section: Combined Desizing/scouring and Cationisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a one‐stage process for pretreatment and cationisation of cotton fabric

Hashem¹

2006

Coloration Technology

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“…Its major action is to stimulate the release of insulin [21,22,29,26], which itself has a half-life of about 20--30 rain [5,12]. Reports of prolonged hypoglyeaemia after single small doses of tolbutamide [24,2,37,19,28,9,13,7]. suggest either an effect apart from the stimulation of insulin release or a delay in tolbutamide catabolism and excretion.…”

Section: Etudes Mdtaboliques Chez Des Diabdtiques Traitgs Par Re Tolbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic studies in diabetics on tolbutamide. Comparison of a single dose with a divided dose regimen

et al. 1968

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Summary. This study compares blood glucose, plasma insulin and tolbutamide values throughout 48 h in 10 subjects on a single daily dose of tolbutamide and on a divided dose regimen (the two regimens are equally effective in their blood sugar lowering effect at all times throughout the 48 hours). --A plasma tolbutamide of 2--5 mg per cent was found to have some blood sugar lowering effect, and 24h after a single oral dose effective levels were detectable in the plasma of some subjects. --Plasma insulin appears to respond to fluctuating glucose levels rather than to the tolbutamide levels and cannot fully account for the prolonged action of tolbutamide. --Tolbutamide given intravenously 3 h after a previous oral dose elicited a further rise in plasma insulin. The response was enhanced when the interval was increased to 18 h. A second peak in plasma insulin levels was often seen one hour after intravenous tolbutamide. --No insulin response was seen to repeated oral doses given at six to eight hour intervals. --An unexpected rise in plasma FFA was frequently observed ten minutes after intravenous tolbutamide. This may be attributed to the high circulating levels of tolbutamide which are measured as FFA by the method employed. --The mechanism of prolonged tolbutamide action remains unclear. These findings and their possible relationship to this action are discussed. Etudes mdtaboliques chez des diabdtiques traitgs par re tolbutamide. Comparaison entre los of lets d' une souls dose et ceux de doses fraetio~vndesRgsurng. Cette 6rude compare los valeurs de la glyc6mie, de l'insuline plasmatique et du tolbutamide pendant 48 h eonsgcutives ehez dix sujets, les uns reeevant une seule dose de tolbutamide par jour, los autres recevant des doses fraetionn@es (les deux types d'administration sont 0~'alement efficaces quant ~ leur effet d'abaisser la glye@mie pendant route la dur6e des 48 h). --On a constar@ que 2 ~ 5 mg pour cent de tolbutamide dans le plasma provoquaient une certaine diminution de la glycgmie, et 24 h aprgs une seule dose administr6e oralement, on a trouv6 des taux efficaces dans le plasma de terrains sujets. --L'insuline plasmatique semble r6agir ~ la fluctuation des taux de glucose plutSt qu'aux taux de tolbutamide et ne peut pas expliquer enti~rement l'effet prolong6 du tolbutamide. --Le tolbutamide administr6 par voie intraveinouse trois heures apr@s tree dose pr@e6-demment prise par voie orals provoqua une augmentation suppl@mentaire de l'insuline plasmatique. Cet effet @tait aecentug lorsque l'intervalle ~tait port~ ~ 18 h. On a souvent observ6 un second pie dans los taux d'insuline plasmatique une heure apr~s une injeetion intraveineuse de tolbutamide. --Aueune r@ponse insulinique n'a gtg eonstat6e apr@s des doses orales r@6t6es, administr@es ~ des intervalles de 6 ~ 8 h. --On a souvent observ6 une augmentation inattendue des FFA du plasma dix minutes apr~s une injection intraveineuse de tolbutamide. Ceei peut gtre attribu6 aux taux tr~s gloves de tolbutamide eireulant qui sont mesur6s somme FFA par la...

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“…Salicylate may have contributed to prolonged unconscious-ǹ ess (Cherner et al, 1963) in one patient receiving tolbutamide. Logie et al (1976) investigated the influence on the quality of diabetic control of drugs with a 'potential to interact'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enhancement of chlorpropamide induced hypoglycaemia by salicylate is well recognised (American Pharmaceutical Association, 1976) although there are few reports of resultant problems in patients with diabetes mellitus. Salicylate may have contributed to prolonged unconscious-ǹ ess (Cherner et al, 1963) in one patient receiving tolbutamide. Logie et al (1976) investigated the influence on the quality of diabetic control of drugs with a 'potential to interact'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement by sodium salicylate of the blood glucose lowering effect of chlorpropamide‐drug interaction or summation of similar effects?

Richardson¹,

Foster²,

Mawer³

1986

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 The ability of sodium salicylate (3 g) to enhance the blood glucose lowering action of chlorpropamide (200 mg) has been confirmed in healthy male volunteers who received an oral test dose of 50 g glucose. Salicylate raised the plasma concentration of insulin and lowered that of cortisol but did not alter the concentration of chlorpropamide. 2 The area under the blood glucose concentration-time curve was used as the measure of drug response and the significance of drug effects was assessed by analysis of variance. In one study on five volunteers the effect of combining salicylate and chlorpropamide was additive. In a second study on six volunteers 200 mg chlorpropamide, 3 g sodium salicylate and 100 mg chlorpropamide + 1.5 g salicylate were equi-effective. 3 The enhancement of chlorpropamide action by salicylate in this single dose study is consistent with the summation of similar effects. It is not necessary to postulate an interaction.

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Prolonged Tolbutamide-Induced Hypoglycemia

Cited by 24 publications

References 4 publications

Development of a one‐stage process for pretreatment and cationisation of cotton fabric

Development of a one‐stage process for pretreatment and cationisation of cotton fabric

Metabolic studies in diabetics on tolbutamide. Comparison of a single dose with a divided dose regimen

Enhancement by sodium salicylate of the blood glucose lowering effect of chlorpropamide‐drug interaction or summation of similar effects?

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