Prolonged shedding of type 55 human adenovirus in immunocompetent adults with adenoviral respiratory infections

Huh, Kyungmin; Kim, Inseon; Jung, Jaehun; Lee, Ji Eun; Jhun, Byung Woo; Gu, Se Hun; Song, Dong Hyun; Lee, Eun Young; Jeong, Hojin; Yoo, Hongseok

doi:10.1007/s10096-019-03471-9

Cited by 22 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The viral shedding kinetics of children with severe HAdV pneumonia was investigated, and the characteristics of HAdV‐7 were summarized. The duration of HAdV‐7 shedding in children with severe pneumonia was more than 3 months, longer than that previously reported for HAdV patients 14,15 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Persistent viral shedding of human adenovirus type 7 in children with severe pneumonia

Zeng

Xie

Tian

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Virology

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To understand host–pathogen interactions and develop effective prevention and control strategies for human adenovirus (HAdV), it is essential to explore the characteristics of HAdV shedding. Hospitalized children <14 years who had severe HAdV pneumonia were tested for HAdV DNA by quantitative real‐time PCR in nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA). A total of 132 children were enrolled, including 102 patients with HAdV type 7 (HAdV‐7) infection and 12 patients with HAdV type 3 (HAdV‐3) infection. A total of 1372 qualified NPA samples were collected. There was a significant negative correlation between the viral load of HAdV and the course of the disease (Spearman r = −0.547, p = .000). HAdV‐7 load decreased at a rate of 0.089 log10 copies/mL per day (95% CI: −0.096 to −0.081; R 2 = 0.332), and the duration of viral shedding was predicted to be 96.9 days (y = 8.624–0.089x). However, HAdV‐3 load decreased more quickly (95% CI: – 0.229 to – 0.143; R 2 = 0.403), and the duration of viral shedding was 51.4 days (y = 9.558‐0.186x). The median viral load of the HAdV‐7 group at weeks 2 and 3, and more than 3 weeks postinfection was higher than that of the HAdV‐3 group. No significant differences in the duration of viral shedding were found in different gender, age (>2 vs. ≤2 years), and with or without underlying diseases groups. Viral shedding in children with severe HAdV pneumonia persisted, among which HAdV‐7 lasted longer than 3 months and the viral load decreased slowly than HAdV‐3.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Persistent viral shedding of human adenovirus type 7 in children with severe pneumonia

Zeng

Xie

Tian

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…at 4.83 × 10 7 copies/mL. Huh et al reported prolonged viral shedding in immunocompetent adults with HAdV-55 respiratory infection, with the highest viral load in the earliest respiratory samples at 8.69 log 10 copies/mL [ 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tree shrews might also be a relevant animal model to study the pathogenesis of HAdV-induced infection. The clinical symptoms and signs in children or adults infected with HAdV-55 were fever, cough, rhinorrhoea, swelling of tonsils, and pneumonia [ 8 , 50 , 52 ]. We observed lung injury after HAdV-55 infection, and many tree shrews suffered from a snotty nose similar to rhinorrhoea in human patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese tree shrew: a permissive model for in vitro and in vivo replication of human adenovirus species B

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2021

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Human adenovirus (HAdV) species B can cause severe acute respiratory diseases. However, the researches to combat this infection have been hampered by the lack of an animal model permissive to the virus. Here, we report in vitro and in vivo HAdV species B infections of tree shrews, the closest relative of primates. HAdV-3, -7, -14, and -55 efficiently replicated in primary cell cultures. After intranasal inoculation of tree shrews with HAdV-55, the viral replication in the oropharyngeal region remained high until day 5 post-infection and was still detected until day 12. HAdV-55 in the lung or turbinate bone tissues reached the highest levels between days 3 and 5 post-infection, which indicated viral replication in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. HAdV-55 infection caused severe interstitial pneumonia in the animal. IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, and IFN-γ expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infected animals was up-regulated. The pre-vaccination with HAdV-55 cleared the virus faster in the respiratory tract, mitigated lung pathological changes. Finally, HAdV-55 infection was propagated among tree shrews. Our study demonstrated that the tree shrew is a permissive animal model for HAdV species B infection and may serve as a valuable platform for testing multiple anti-viral treatments.

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“…The samples were immediately transferred to a viral transport medium (Eagle's minimal essential medium, bovine serum albumin, and antibiotics) and Stored at 4-8 C before transporting to the laboratory within 24 h. The tests were performed immediately after the delivery of the samples to the laboratory. Real-time PCR for the nucleic acid of adenovirus was detected, as described previously (Huh et al, 2019). Briefly, total nucleic acid was extracted from specimens mentioned above using a DNA extraction kit (Biolab, China) according to the manufacturer's protocol.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-infection of adenovirus among medical staff: A warning from the intensive care unit in a tertiary care teaching hospital in China

Dai

Tan

et al. 2020

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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In 2019, a small HAdV55-associated outbreak of adenovirus infection occurred among the intensive care unit (ICU) staff in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in Hunan Province, China, during the treatment of a patient. Objective: To investigate the characteristics of a nosocomial adenovirus outbreak in an ICU. Methods: We evaluated all the patients treated and the medical staff working in the ICU from August 1 to September 4, 2019. We further performed an epidemiological and molecular analysis for this outbreak from patient to healthcare workers and between healthcare workers. After the outbreak, we adopted exposure prevention and droplet prevention measures based on standard precautions. Measurements and main results: Between August 1 and August 27, 2019, 27 cases of human adenovirus cross-infection were reported in our institution. Among the cases, eleven were doctors (41%), eleven were nurses (41%), three were respiratory therapists (11%), and two were caregivers (7%). The attack rate was 28.4%, and the fatality rate was 0. The results showed that contact with the index case, lack of hand hygiene or gloving adherence were risk factors for infection after adenovirus exposure. After taking specific precautions, no new cases of infection have appeared since August 27. Conclusions: Our results show that HAdV55 in a single patient had strong transmission potential in an intensive care unit with adequate facilities and standardized operation. We provide convincing evidence indicating that attention could be highlighted on the role of standard and specific precautions for controlling the spread of adenovirus in ICUs.

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Prolonged shedding of type 55 human adenovirus in immunocompetent adults with adenoviral respiratory infections

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Persistent viral shedding of human adenovirus type 7 in children with severe pneumonia

Persistent viral shedding of human adenovirus type 7 in children with severe pneumonia

Chinese tree shrew: a permissive model for in vitro and in vivo replication of human adenovirus species B

Cross-infection of adenovirus among medical staff: A warning from the intensive care unit in a tertiary care teaching hospital in China

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