Prolonged Injections of Male Sex Hormones

Korenchevsky, V.; Hall, Kathleen

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4070.4

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…The present study shows that exogenous testosterone administration induced a dose‐dependent increase in hepatic volume and a trend towards an increase in renal volume. These results are consistent with previous animal studies showing trophic effect of androgens on parenchymal organs (Korenchevsky & Hall, ; Hickson et al ., ; Ferrandez et al ., ; Friedel et al ., ; Vieira et al ., ; Shortliffe et al ., ; Chen et al ., ). These findings are also consistent with epidemiologic studies showing men having larger parenchymal organs after adjustment for age and body size compared to women (Chouker et al ., ; Chow et al ., ; Roseman et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…In addition to liver and spleen, androgens also stimulate renal size in animals. In the adult rat, high dose testosterone propionate (7.5 mg/week for 12 to 16 weeks) increases renal weight (Korenchevsky & Hall, ). Similarly, weekly administration of TE for 16 weeks resulted in higher total renal weight in castrated juvenile rats compared to controls (Shortliffe et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, animal data shows that exogenous testosterone administration also stimulates increase in the size of visceral organs. In the adult rat, high‐dose testosterone administration for 12–16 weeks has been shown to increase weight of the kidneys, even after correction for body weight (Korenchevsky & Hall, ). Testosterone administration to castrated juvenile rats also resulted in larger kidneys when compared to sham controls (Shortliffe et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of testosterone administration (and its 5‐alpha‐reduction) on parenchymal organ volumes in healthy young men: findings from a dose‐response trial

et al. 2017

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Context Animal data shows that testosterone administration increases the volume of some parenchymal organs. However, the effects of exogenous testosterone on solid abdominal organs in humans remain unknown. Objective To evaluate the effects of testosterone administration on the volume of liver, spleen and kidneys in a dose-response trial. Participants Young healthy men aged 18 to 50 years participating in the 5α-Reductase (5aR) Trial. Interventions All participants received monthly injections of 7.5 mg leuprolide acetate to suppress endogenous testosterone secretion and weekly injections of 50, 125, 300 or 600 mg of testosterone enanthate, and were randomized to receive either 2.5 mg dutasteride (5 α-reductase inhibitor) or placebo daily for 20 weeks. Liver, spleen and kidney volumes were measured at baseline and the end of treatment using 1.5-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. Outcomes The dose-effect of testosterone on changes in the volume of parenchymal organs was evaluated by linear regression model. The association between changes in total testosterone (TT) levels and changes in organ volumes were assessed. Results Testosterone administration increased liver volume dose-dependently (17.4 cm3 per 100 mg of weekly testosterone enanthate; p=0.031); the increase in liver volume was positively associated with changes in TT levels (R2=0.08, p=0.024). A dose-dependent, but non-significant, increase in kidney volumes was also seen. Inclusion of dutasteride use into the models showed an independent association of randomization to dutasteride group with liver volume increase. Conclusion Testosterone administration increased the liver volume in a dose-dependent manner. The potential changes in parenchymal organs should be considered when interpreting apparent changes in lean mass in response to anabolic interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of testosterone administration (and its 5‐alpha‐reduction) on parenchymal organ volumes in healthy young men: findings from a dose‐response trial

et al. 2017

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“…The androgens also prevent to a considerable degree the tumorlike hyperplasia of the pituitary produced by long treatment with estrogens (175). In normal adult and senile rats there was no improvement in appearance or behavior, but actually a harm ful action on the testes (180). A remarkable inactivation of androgen has been reported and re quires explanation.…”

Section: Separation Of Androgens and Related Compounds From Urinementioning

confidence: 94%

Hormones

Koch¹

1940

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

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Because the more definitely biochemical advances in the field of hormones are very nearly limited to those of the steroid type together with the limited space available for reviewing a very extensive litera ture, I have taken advantage of the editors' liberal policy and have limited this review to the biochemistry of the steroid hormones. ESTROGENSDistribution and forms of estrogens.-Although all of the estro gen activity in cow and hog ovaries is considered to be in the free form, only 50 to 75 per cent is free in the horse ovary or its follicular fluid (1). During pregnancy 50 to 75 per cent of the blood estrogens in women are in the free form (2). The best method of hydrolysis of the conjugated forms of estrogens in pregnancy urine is still a prob lem. One g.roup recommends boiling the pregnancy urine for ten minutes with 15 per cent concentrated hydrochloric added. Longer heating results in serious loss of estrogens (3). Others recommend that the urine from pregnant mares be allowed to stand at pH 0.4 to 0.6 at room temperature for at least four weeks (4). The writer, in studies on urine from normal men and nonpregnant women, has obtained the highest yield of estrogens by boiling the urine previously acidified to pH 1 to 1.2 with hydrochloric acid for fifteen minutes.Longer boiling at this pH also causes destruction of estrogens. The gradual increase in the urinary excretion of estrogens in women to a peak of 80,000 rat units near the termination has been confirmed, but in one case of toxemia of pregnancy, the excretion was subnormal.

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“…The renotropic effects of testosterone and testosterone propionate have been demonstrated repeatedly in mice and rats (1,2,3). Whether or not the induced increase in size and weight of the organ is associated with any enhanced functional capacity thus far has not been determined.…”

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confidence: 99%