Prolonged expression of the BX1 signature enzyme is associated with a recombination hotspot in the benzoxazinoid gene cluster in Zea mays

Zheng, Linlin; McMullen, Michael D.; Bauer, Eva; Schön, Chris‐Carolin; Gierl, Alfons; Frey, Monika

doi:10.1093/jxb/erv192

Cited by 59 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…B97 inbred line developed from Iowa Corn Borer Synthetic population showed to be resistant to European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hüber) (Abel et al, 2000). This inbred line, together with Mo17 and M37W, possess aphid resistance and high DIMBOA concentration even in later developmental stages (Zheng et al, 2015). This finding is in line with the study of Betsiashvili et al (2015) with near-isogenic lines revealing that increased DIMBOA accumulation is positively associated with Mo17 allele, contrarily to the B73 allele.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

The variability of bx1 DIMBOA biosynthesis gene in maize inbred lines

Mikić¹,

Kondić‐Špika²,

Brbaklić³

et al. 2016

Sel Sem

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Summary 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA) is a secondary metabolite in plants that renders defence against phytopatogenic bacteria, fungi, insects and other pest organisms. The biosynthesis of DIMBOA is controlled by nine genes, the first bx1 gene governs the transcription of a key enzyme in DIMBOA biosynthesis. The aim of this study was to genotype maize inbred lines used in breeding programmes for the presence of resistant allele in order to identify the source of biotic stress resistance. The variability of bx1 gene was assessed in a set of 96 diverse inbred lines with a functional microsatellite marker umc1022 located in bx1 gene. Two marker alleles, the length of 91 and 97 bp, were found in the majority of inbred lines, the former being predominant among Lancaster inbred lines and the latter in the BSSS heterotic group. By comparing previous findings on the inbred lines with high level of DIMBOA and resistance with the pedigree information of the maize inbred lines analysed in this study, we postulated that the allele 91 bp could be associate with DIMBOA accumulation and pest resistance. The DIMBOA quantification and evaluation of pest infestations in field trials are needed to verify our results.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

The variability of bx1 DIMBOA biosynthesis gene in maize inbred lines

Mikić¹,

Kondić‐Špika²,

Brbaklić³

et al. 2016

Sel Sem

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“…For example, bx1 (benzoxazinless1), which encodes an indole-3-glycerol phosphate lyase, was within a QTL for the level of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA), and this QTL was identified in both experiments in the ZY population (Table II). DIMBOA is the main benzoxazinoid in maize that confers resistance to herbivores and microbes, and bx1 is a signature gene in the DIMBOA biosynthetic pathway (Meihls et al, 2013;Zheng et al, 2015).…”

Section: Cross-validation Of Metabolic Qtls and Identification Of Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Quantitative Genetics Approaches with Regulatory Network Analysis to Dissect the Complex Metabolism of the Maize Kernel

et al. 2015

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Metabolic quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies have allowed us to better understand the genetic architecture underlying naturally occurring plant metabolic variance. Here, we use two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations to dissect the genetic architecture of natural variation of 155 metabolites measured in the mature maize (Zea mays) kernel. Overall, linkage mapping identified 882 metabolic QTLs in both RIL populations across two environments, with an average of 2.1 QTLs per metabolite. A large number of metabolic QTLs (more than 65%) were identified with moderate effects (r 2 = 2.1%-10%), while a small portion (less than 35%) showed major effects (r 2 . 10%). Epistatic interactions between these identified loci were detected for more than 30% of metabolites (with the proportion of phenotypic variance ranging from 1.6% to 37.8%), implying that genetic epistasis is not negligible in determining metabolic variation. In total, 57 QTLs were validated by our previous genomewide association study on the same metabolites that provided clues for exploring the underlying genes. A gene regulatory network associated with the flavonoid metabolic pathway was constructed based on the transcriptional variations of 28,769 genes in kernels (15 d after pollination) of 368 maize inbred lines. A large number of genes (34 of 58) in this network overlapped with previously defined genes controlled by maize PERICARP COLOR1, while three of them were identified here within QTL intervals for multiple flavonoids. The deeply characterized RIL populations, elucidation of metabolic phenotypes, and identification of candidate genes lay the foundation for maize quality improvement.Knowledge concerning plant metabolism is important for crop improvement as well as in exploring the potential for enhancing the accumulation of high-value products by metabolic engineering strategies. Recent studies that utilized a wide range of techniques, including biochemistry, informatics, genetics, and genomics, have boosted our understanding of the genetics of plant metabolism (Luo, 2015). Metabolic quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies that combined different techniques have aided us to better understand the genetic architecture underlying naturally occurring phenotypic variance and promise to better facilitate future plantbreeding strategies (Fernie and Schauer, 2009).Maize (Zea mays) kernels make a very large contribution to the diets of humans and animals. The chemical composition and impact of genetic variation on the metabolic diversity of maize kernels have been widely studied (Chander et al., 2008c;Li et al., 2013;Wen et al., 2014Wen et al., , 2015. The most important storage chemical components in mature maize kernels are starch (70%-75% of dry matter), protein (8%-10% of dry matter), and oil (4%-5% of dry matter), and the underlying genes and related pathways of these have been well studied during the past two decades (Moose et al., 2004;Fernie and Schauer, 2009;Li et al., 2013;Luo, 2015). Although only accumulating to low levels in the maize k...

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“…The inbred lines of tropical origin showed higher content of HDMBOA comparing to DIMBOA, while in modern temperate lines the ratio between these BXs was opposite (Meihls et al, 2013). Three inbred lines, namely Mo17, B97 and M37W, were identified for aphid resistance and high DIMBOA concentration of 1.5 mM or more in later developmental stages (Zheng et al, 2015). The study of Betsiashvili et al (2015) confirmed that the Mo17 allele caused increased DIMBOA accumulation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…One such example is the susceptibility of maize to the second generation to ECB, which causes more severe damages to the crop comparing to the first generation. Surprisingly, however, a recent finding elucidated the mechanism for prolonged biosynthesis of DIMBOA in later developmental stages of the maize inbred line Mo17 (Zheng et al, 2015). A cis-element, called DICE, located upstream of Bx1 gene, was found to be required for high DIMBOA content and independent of Bx1 transcription.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Benzoxazinoids - protective secondary metabolites in cereals: The role and application

Mikić¹,

Ahmad²

2018

Ratar i povrt

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Summary: Benzoxazinoids (BXs) are secondary plant metabolites that provide innate defence against a plethora of pests and pathogens. They are identified both in monocots, namely grasses, and in several families of dicots. Among crops, BXs are best characterised in wheat, maize, and rye. These natural pesticides have inhibitory effects on weeds, insects, plant pathogenic fungi, bacteria, and nematodes. Besides, BXs demonstrated the ability to suppress production of mycotoxins, mitigate negative effects of microelement deficiency and toxicity and attract plant beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere. Here, we summarise benefits and possible applications of these allelochemicals in pest control, which may be of special interest for production systems based on reduction or elimination of pesticides, such as integrated pest management or organic farming. In the light of it, we discuss possible limitations and risks of BX application that are worth considering. Finally, we refer to available germplasm with high BX level that can be exploited as a source of resistance in cereal breeding programmes.

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Prolonged expression of the BX1 signature enzyme is associated with a recombination hotspot in the benzoxazinoid gene cluster in Zea mays

Abstract: HighlightHigh transcript levels of the signature gene Bx1 increase concentrations of the defence compound DIMBOA in older maize, and cis-elements upstream of Bx1 are required for high mRNA levels.

Cited by 59 publications

References 56 publications

The variability of bx1 DIMBOA biosynthesis gene in maize inbred lines

The variability of bx1 DIMBOA biosynthesis gene in maize inbred lines

Combining Quantitative Genetics Approaches with Regulatory Network Analysis to Dissect the Complex Metabolism of the Maize Kernel

Benzoxazinoids - protective secondary metabolites in cereals: The role and application

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