Prolonged administration of proguanil induces reproductive toxicity in male rats

Stephen, Akinsomisoye Olumide; Raji, Yinusa

doi:10.2131/jts.36.587

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease in humans and other animals, usually transmitted by an infected female Anopheles mosquito bite (Nosten and White 2007;WHO 2014). Falciparum malaria is a mass killer that went out of control, developing resistance against the then active drug, chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in Asia and South America which later spread to Africa and sub-regions (WHO 2010;Olumide and Raji 2011). Malaria is highly endemic in Nigeria and accounts for over 60% outpatient and 30% inpatient in Nigerian hospitals and poses a major challenge to the country as it impedes human and economic development (Clark et al 2004;Raji et al 2005;WHO 2014 anaemia and are more likely to develop complications (Adisa et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The World Health Organization recommends intramuscular or intravenous artesunate as the first line treatment for severe malaria (WHO 2010;Lisewski et al 2014). The rapidity of effect, availability of an intravenous and intramuscular formulation and convenient dosage regimen make artesunate an ideal choice for the treatment of severe malaria, including cerebral disease (Olumide and Raji 2011). Artesunate is a promising drug in the combat against malaria specifically the severe P. falciparum malaria (Nwanjo and Oze 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Histological Studies of Artesunate on the Developing Cerebral Cortex of Wistar Rat Foetuses

Samuel,

Ivang,

Ibegbu

2016

Nig J Neurosci

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The longstanding use of artemisinin and its derivatives, mainly artesunate among pregnant women is recommended as first line treatment for malaria especially in endemic area like Nigeria. The present study investigated the morphological and histological effects of artesunate on the developing cerebral cortex of Wistar rat foetuses. Twenty healthy female Albino Wistar rats of average weight of 165 g were grouped into 4 with each group containing 5 rats. The rats were fed daily and water was allowed ad libitum. The animals were mated overnight with sexually matured males and were separated into different cages after confirmation of pregnancy. Oral doses of 0.2 mg/kg (low dose, LD), 0.4 mg/kg (medium dose, MD) and 0.8 mg/kg (high dose, HD) body weight of artesunate were administered to pregnant rats in LD, MD and HD groups respectively, from the 8th to the 12th day of gestation. Group 1 rats were the control, and received distilled water on the same days. The results showed a significant reduction in the morphometry of some body parts. The mean foetal body weights were 5.33 g, 5.14 g, 4.67 g and 3.78 g in the Control, LD, MD and HD groups respectively, while the mean crown-rump lengths were 3.67 cm, 3.43 cm, 3.00 cm and 3.00 cm in the Control, LD, MD and HD groups respectively. The histological examinations revealed some neurodegenerative changes in the developing cerebral cortex of Wistar rat foetuses. These neurodegenerative changes include reduction in thickness of the cortical zones, cell clustering and chromatolysis of the cells of cerebral cortex. The results showed that artesunate when administered in high dosages could be dangerous to the developing foetuses

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Histological Studies of Artesunate on the Developing Cerebral Cortex of Wistar Rat Foetuses

Samuel,

Ivang,

Ibegbu

2016

Nig J Neurosci

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Histological alterations in the structure of the testis in tench (Tinca tinca) after exposure to 17 alpha‐ethynylestradiol

Oropesa

Jiménez

Gil

et al. 2013

Environmental Toxicology

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Environmental pollution with synthetic estrogens may pose a serious threat to reproduction of aquatic wildlife species. The current study describes the effects of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2 ) on the structure of the testis in tench (Tinca tinca). Adult male tench were exposed to sublethal doses of EE2 (50, 100, and 500 μg/Kg t.w.) under semistatic conditions for a period of 30 days. The condition factor (CF), testicular somatic index (TSI), and histology (including a morphometric analysis) of the testis were examined. No consistent differences were observed in the CF of EE2 -exposed tench when compared with nonexposed fish. A significant decrease in TSI could only be observed at a 50 μg/Kg t.w. EE2 dose (p < 0.05) when compared with the control group. The histopathology of the testis was associated with loss of normal tubular structure with increased doses of exposure, decrease of tubule number, degeneration in Sertoli and Leydig cells, increase in necrotic testicular cells including formation of syncytia structures and, finally, a high incidence of fish with early primary oocytes at 100 and 500 μg/Kg t.w. EE2 . These results indicate that long-term exposure to EE2 may produce clear negative effects on testicular structure in tench.

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Antimicrobials and Male Reproduction

Drobnis

Nangia

2017

Impacts of Medications on Male Fertility

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Antibiotics have long been suspected of contributing to male infertility; however, there are remarkably limited data to support this premise. A major challenge for evaluating antibiotic effects is that the diseases they treat often have negative impacts on male reproduction, so treatment with the antimicrobial can improve reproductive endpoints. This is particularly true for diseases of the male reproductive tract. As a class, anti-parasitic drugs are toxic to eukaryotic cells and have significant potential for reproductive toxicity. A variety of these medications are also used in companion and food animal species; in this chapter we review the literature on anti-parasitic drugs on male reproduction in these species. In humans, only niridazole has been shown to cause reversible spermatogenic arrest in 20 men with schistosomiasis. Of the antifungal medications, ketoconazole has been shown in some studies to transiently decrease testosterone levels in men, but work is lacking for semen quality or fertility. We review studies of antibacterial medications in the chapter, with some minimal human data available for decreased semen quality in men taking nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, or sulfamethoxazole. These and some other antibacterials have been studied in other species with results suggestive of negative impacts on male fertility endpoints. In light of the common assumption of reproductive toxicity for antimicrobial medications, and the decided lack of supporting evidence, there is a substantial need for well-designed clinical trials in this area.

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Prolonged administration of proguanil induces reproductive toxicity in male rats

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Morphological and Histological Studies of Artesunate on the Developing Cerebral Cortex of Wistar Rat Foetuses

Morphological and Histological Studies of Artesunate on the Developing Cerebral Cortex of Wistar Rat Foetuses

Histological alterations in the structure of the testis in tench (Tinca tinca) after exposure to 17 alpha‐ethynylestradiol

Antimicrobials and Male Reproduction

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