Proline-glutamate interactions in the CNS

Ortíz, José G.; Cordero, Mayra L.; Rosado, A. Juan

doi:10.1016/s0278-5846(96)00164-9

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…New evidence has also shown that choline deficiency-induced oxidative damage was associated with the generation of ROS and changes in Nrf2 signaling in the liver [ 90 , 91 ]. Besides, in the arginine and proline pathway, excess glutamate can be used for proline biosynthesis [ 92 , 93 ]. Proline is an essential amino acid for young pigs [ 94 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant potential of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains from the sow milk bacterial collection in weaned piglets

et al. 2022

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Background In modern animal husbandry, breeders pay increasing attention to improving sow nutrition during pregnancy and lactation to favor the health of neonates. Sow milk is a main food source for piglets during their first three weeks of life, which is not only a rich repository of essential nutrients and a broad range of bioactive compounds, but also an indispensable source of commensal bacteria. Maternal milk microorganisms are important sources of commensal bacteria for the neonatal gut. Bacteria from maternal milk may confer a health benefit on the host. Methods Sow milk bacteria were isolated using culturomics followed by identification using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. To screen isolates for potential probiotic activity, the functional evaluation was conducted to assess their antagonistic activity against pathogens in vitro and evaluate their resistance against oxidative stress in damaged Drosophila induced by paraquat. In a piglet feeding trial, a total of 54 newborn suckling piglets were chosen from nine sows and randomly assigned to three treatments with different concentrations of a candidate strain. Multiple approaches were carried out to verify its antioxidant function including western blotting, enzyme activity analysis, metabolomics and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results The 1240 isolates were screened out from the sow milk microbiota and grouped into 271 bacterial taxa based on a nonredundant set of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Among 80 Pediococcus isolates, a new Pediococcus pentosaceus strain (SMM914) showed the best performance in inhibition ability against swine pathogens and in a Drosophila model challenged by paraquat. Pretreatment of piglets with SMM914 induced the Nrf2-Keap1 antioxidant signaling pathway and greatly affected the pathways of amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism in plasma. In the colon, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was significantly increased in the high dose SMM914 group compared with the control group. Conclusion P. pentosaceus SMM914 is a promising probiotic conferring antioxidant capacity by activating the Nrf2-Keap1 antioxidant signaling pathway in piglets. Our study provided useful resources for better understanding the relationships between the maternal microbiota and offspring.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant potential of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains from the sow milk bacterial collection in weaned piglets

et al. 2022

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“…Moreover, QP reduced peripheral phenylalanine concentrations, thereby possibly lowering the brain levels of phenylalanine and tyrosine that constitute the basis of the DA metabolism. Second, although QP did not significantly affect cerebral glutamate levels, glutamate signaling may be inhibited by QP, given that glycine, serine, proline, and putrescine levels in brain ECF were decreased, all presumably influencing the N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor in a direct or indirect manner …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Second, although QP did not significantly affect cerebral glutamate levels, glutamate signaling may be inhibited by QP, given that glycine, serine, proline, and putrescine levels in brain ECF were decreased, all presumably influencing the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in a direct or indirect manner. [28][29][30] Furthermore, the reduction of the BCAA levels and the increase of DL-3-aminoisobutyric acid in plasma may both be associated with increased activity of the animals. BCAA levels were found negatively correlated with activity, 31 whereas DL-3-aminoisobutyric acid was observed positively associated with the level of activity.…”

Section: Wwwpsp-journalcommentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood‐Based Biomarkers of Quinpirole Pharmacology: Cluster‐Based PK/PD and Metabolomics to Unravel the Underlying Dynamics in Rat Plasma and Brain

Brink

Hartman

Berg

et al. 2019

CPT Pharmacom & Syst Pharma

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A key challenge in the development of central nervous system drugs is the availability of drug target specific blood‐based biomarkers. As a new approach, we applied cluster‐based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic ( PK / PD ) analysis in brain extracellular fluid (brain ECF ) and plasma simultaneously after 0, 0.17, and 0.86 mg/kg of the dopamine D 2/3 agonist quinpirole ( QP ) in rats. We measured 76 biogenic amines in plasma and brain ECF after single and 8‐day administration, to be analyzed by cluster‐based PK / PD analysis. Multiple concentration‐effect relations were observed with potencies ranging from 0.001–383 nM . Many biomarker responses seem to distribute over the blood‐brain barrier (BBB). Effects were observed for dopamine and glutamate signaling in brain ECF , and branched‐chain amino acid metabolism and immune signaling in plasma. Altogether, we showed for the first time how cluster‐based PK / PD could describe a systems‐response across plasma and brain, thereby identifying potential blood‐based biomarkers. This concept is envisioned to provide an important connection between drug discovery and early drug development.

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“…These results indicate that the glycine receptor is involved in sedative and hypnotic effects induced by D-proline, but not L-proline. In vitro, L-proline can activate the glycine receptor (Henzi et al 1992;Ortiz et al 1996). However, this receptor is not involved in the action of L-proline to induce sedative and hypnotic effects in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This receptor is present in both the hypothalamus (Halpain et al 1984) and pituitary (Lindstrom and Ohlsson 1992), suggesting its role in neuroendocrine regulation (Mahesh et al 1999). Past studies showed that although L-and D-proline can activate the glycine receptor, the NMDA receptor is activated by L-proline alone (Henzi et al 1992;Ortiz et al 1996). In addition, glycine (Asechi et al 2006) and L-glutamate (Yamane et al, unpublished data) caused a sedative and hypnotic effect similar to that observed with L-proline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Intracerebroventricular injection of L-proline and D-proline induces sedative and hypnotic effects by different mechanisms under an acute stressful condition in chicks

et al. 2008

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The central effects of L-proline, D-proline and trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline were investigated by using the acute stressful model with neonatal chicks in Experiment 1. Sedative and hypnotic effects were induced by all compounds, while plasma corticosterone release under isolation stress was only attenuated by L-proline. To clarify the mechanism by which L-proline and D-proline induce sedative and hypnotic effects, the contribution of the strychnine-sensitive glycine receptor (glycine receptor) and N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDA receptor) were further investigated. In Experiments 2-3, the glycine receptor antagonist strychnine was co-injected intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) with L-proline or D-proline. The suppression of isolation-induced stress behavior by D-proline was attenuated by strychnine. However, the suppression of stress behavior by L-proline was not attenuated. In Experiment 4, the NMDA receptor antagonist (+)-MK-801 was co-injected i.c.v. with L-proline. The suppression of stress behavior by L-proline was attenuated by (+)-MK-801. These results indicate that L-proline and D-proline differentially induce sedative and hypnotic effects through NMDA and glycine receptors, respectively.

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Proline-glutamate interactions in the CNS

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Antioxidant potential of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains from the sow milk bacterial collection in weaned piglets

Antioxidant potential of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains from the sow milk bacterial collection in weaned piglets

Blood‐Based Biomarkers of Quinpirole Pharmacology: Cluster‐Based PK/PD and Metabolomics to Unravel the Underlying Dynamics in Rat Plasma and Brain

Intracerebroventricular injection of L-proline and D-proline induces sedative and hypnotic effects by different mechanisms under an acute stressful condition in chicks

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