“…Mathematical modelling of radiotherapy may be used to provide a better understanding of the factors which are important in determining tumour response dynamics. There are a number of approaches that may be taken to model radiotherapy response, including compartmental ordinary differential equation (ODE) models (Sachs et al 2001, Chvetsov et al 2009, Wang and Feng 2013, Chvetsov 2013, Chvetsov et al 2014, Prokopiou et al 2015, Tariq et al 2016, continuum partial differential equation (PDE) models (Rockne et al 2009, Rockne et al 2015, Lewin et al 2018, computational agent-based models (Richard et al 2007, Powathil et al 2013, 2016, Alfonso et al 2014 and probabilistic approaches (Zaider and Minerbo 2000, Hanin 2004, O'Rourke et al 2009, Zaider and Hanin 2011, Gong et al 2013, Bobadilla et al 2018. The simplest formulations view the tumour volume as a single, homogeneous compartment (Wheldon et al 1977, Sachs et al 2001, McAneney and O'Rourke 2007, Prokopiou et al 2015, Poleszczuk et al 2018 and are often targeted towards clinical application due to the limited data typically available for model calibration (Wang et al 2009, Stevens et al 2010, Sharma et al 2016.…”