Proliferation of Falcula hyalina and Cylindrotheca closterium (Bacillariophyceae) on copepods in Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California, Mexico

Abstract

Abstract.-A proliferation of the epizoic diatoms Falcula hyalina and Cylindrotheca closterium occurred, respectively, on the exoskeleton of marine copepods Acartia tonsa and Paracalanus sp. Samples were collected in February and in October 2013 in Bahía de La Paz. Both represent the first proliferations of this epizoic microalgae reported in the Gulf of California. Seawater temperature was 19°C in February and 28°C in October. A short morphological description, cell measurements and distribution of both species are provided.

How diatom Cylindrotheca closterium vanquish invasive copepod Oithona davisae

“…In all three cases similar type of attachment of the cells of C. closterium by one of their flexible ends was observed in Paracalanus sp. [9], in O. davisae (this paper) and in the sea urchin [15]. During the process of infestation, the cells of C. closterium were linked by exopolymeric substances in clusters of 25-45 per group on the carapax of O. davisae (this paper), comparable with appr.…”

“…Discovery of similar epizoic nature and behavior of C. closterium on different zooplankton objects in different marine systems, regardless temperature and salinity, was revealed for the first time practically at the same time and independently by several researchers: heavy infestation of C. closterium on exoskeleton of a specimen of marine copepod Paracalanus sp. found in planktonic sample from the Gulf of California in October 2013 at 28°C [9]; severe infection of the sea urchin juveniles from St. Lawrence estuary, Canada, at 8°C in 2016 [15], and fatal colonization of cyclopoid copepod Oithona davisae by C. closterium revealed in the laboratory experiments in the Black Sea water at 25°C in September 2013 (reported in this paper). In all three cases similar type of attachment of the cells of C. closterium by one of their flexible ends was observed in Paracalanus sp.…”

Colonization of epizoic diatoms on larvae of Aliger gigas (Mollusca: Gastropoda)

“…Cylindrotheca closterium es una especie oportunista que forma florecimientos algales; se le considera una especie planctónica, bentónica o epizóica (Gárate-Lizárraga & Esqueda-Escárcega, 2016;Merino-Virgilio et al, 2019;Poot-Delgado & Okolodkov, 2020). En la bahía de La Paz se reportó a C. closterium, formando por primera vez una proliferación sobre un basibionte, como fue el caso del copépodo Paracalanus sp., aparentemente, sin causarle daño alguno (Gárate-Lizárraga & Esqueda-Escárcega, 2016) En este estudio, P. panduriforme var. minor y Cyclophora sp.…”

Morphology and molecular phylogeny of epizoic araphid diatoms on marine zooplankton, including Pseudofalcula hyalina gen. & comb. nov. (Fragilariophyceae, Bacillariophyta)

“…The morphology of the epizoic araphid diatoms has been illustrated by scanning electron microscopy (Rivera et al 1986, Prasad et al 1989, Hallegraeff and McWilliam 1990, Lee et al 1993, Fernandes and Calixto-Feres 2012, Li et al 2014, Sunesen et al 2015, Donadel and Torgan 2016. The records on these epizoic diatoms are numerous in distinct ocean regions (G arate-Liz arraga and Muñet on-G omez 2009, Padmakumar et al 2015, Sahu et al 2015, G arate-Liz arraga and Esqueda-Esc arcega 2016. The molecular data are restricted to sequences of P. pacificum, and one partial SSU rRNA gene sequence (1,177 bp, base pairs) of P. atlantica (EF423413), which are not furnished with essential information such as illustrations, geographic origin, or the host types.…”

“…, Sahu et al. , Gárate‐Lizárraga and Esqueda‐Escárcega ). The molecular data are restricted to sequences of P. pacificum , and one partial SSU rRNA gene sequence (1,177 bp, base pairs) of P. atlantica (EF423413), which are not furnished with essential information such as illustrations, geographic origin, or the host types.…”