Proliferating cell nuclear antigen in prostatic adenocarcinoma: Correlation with established prognostic indicators

Se, Spires; Er, Banks; Dd, Davey; Cd, Jennings; Dp, Wood; Ml, Cibull

doi:10.1016/0090-4295(94)90181-3

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Resistance to hormone therapy is related to a considerable proportion of PCa deaths with few therapeutic options available thereafter. 10,11 Recently, molecular tests for cancer cell-associated genes and other genetic markers, being direct indicators of the presence of the cancer cells in the biological specimen, have been predicted to provide improvement in diagnostic specificity 12,13 As the growth rate of tumour tissue is determined by proliferative activity and cell death, expression of two proliferative makers--Ki-67 and PCNA were examined in this study to enhance the facility and accuracy of early diagnosis of PCa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ki-67 and PCNA expression in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Zhong¹,

Peng²,

He³

et al. 2008

CIM

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Clin Invest Med 2008; 31 (1): E8-E15. AbstractObjective: Ki-67 is a proliferation-associated nuclear antigen and is expressed in all cycling cells except for resting cells in the G0-phase. PCNA is an acidic nuclear protein and has been recognized as a histologic marker for the G1/ S phase in the cell cycle. Ki-67and PCNA labeling indices are considered to reflect cell proliferation, particularly, growth fraction. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression levels of Ki-67 and PCNA in prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and their potential on the early diagnosis of PCa. Methods: Human prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC-3, human normal prostate epithelial cell line HuPEC, tissues from patients with PCa (121 cases) and BPH (45) and 36 normal cases were examined for the expression of Ki-67 and PCNA by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Then, the association of Ki-67 and PCNA expression with clinical grading of PCa was analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining. Results: The ratios of PCNA and Ki-67 expression levels in LNCaP and PC-3 were higher (P<0.05, P<0.001) than that in HuPEC. The two markers were differentially expressed in three tissues and showed increased expression in PCa (P<0.05) and BPH (P<0.05), relative to human normal prostate tissues. Compared with BPH, the ratio of Ki-67 and PCNA expressed in tumour tissue was increased (P<0.05). The increase of Ki-67 was greater than that of PCNA. Expression of the two markers increased after different grading of PCa cases Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent cause of male cancer-related death in the United States of America (USA) and Western Europe. Its incidence is continuously rising, with over 200 000 new cancers and 35 000~40 000 deaths per year, 1 Carcinogenesis and the mechanisms influencing the progression and prognosis of PCa is a multistep process, involving both genetic insults to epithelial cells and changes in epithelial-stromal interactions. 2 Despite extensive research PCa is not understood.There are two proliferative markers-Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Ki-67 antigen is expressed in proliferative cells throughout the G1, S, G2, and M phases, and provides a reliable index of cellular proliferation 3,4 PCNA is an acidic nuclear protein, expressed mainly in phase S of the cellular cycle. It becomes active, in various tissues par-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ki-67 and PCNA expression in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Zhong¹,

Peng²,

He³

et al. 2008

CIM

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“…We originally speculated that metal salt solutions might play a role in re-fixation of the retrieved antigens, because salt solutions gave better retrieval effects than pure water for some antibodies (Shi et al 1991). Improved AR-IHC staining by using metal solutions was demonstrated subsequently in a number of studies (Stieber et al 1996;Gerasimov et al 1995;Mintze et al 1995;Gu 1994;Gu et al 1994a,b;Kawai et al 1994a;Shin et al 1994;Spires et al 1994;Taylor et al 1994a;Lucassen et al 1993;Merz et al 1993;Pavelic et al 1993;Siitonen et al 1993;Suurmeijer and Boon 1993a,b;Greenwell et al 1991). Siitonen et al (1993) compared the AR-IHC staining with other antigen unmasking methods, using MAbs to PCNA (19A2 and PC10) on archival paraffin sections of 109 cases of axillary node-negative breast carcinoma.…”

Section: The Effect Of Metal Ions the Chemical Composi-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigen Retrieval Immunohistochemistry: Past, Present, and Future

Shi

Côté²,

Taylor

1997

J Histochem Cytochem.

480

331

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SUMMARYThe antigen retrieval (AR) technique, which is predominantly based on hightemperature heating of tissues, is used as a non-enzymatic pretreatment for immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. It has been widely applied in pathology and analytical morphology. The existence of a growing body of literature on the AR technique raises a number of interesting issues for the further development of AR. These issues include the use of a "test battery" and the concept of "maximal retrieval" applied to the selection of optimal test protocols for the standardization of AR. (J Histochem Cytochem 45:327-343, 1997)

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“…Twelve were cases of TCC, 4 of SCC, and 2 of AC of the intestinal type, associated with an 'in situ' TCC in 1 of them. One of the cases of AC is reported from India [17], It is noteworthy that literature from India indicates a much higher inci dence of AC of the renal pelvis than published data from other geographic locations [23]. The average age of pa tients with TCC of the renal pelvis associated with XPN was 65.3 (range 49-78) years, and the male:female ratio was 2:1.…”

Section: Discussion and Review Of The Literaturementioning

confidence: 94%

Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis Associated with Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis

Val‐Bernal

Castro²

1996

Urol Int

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Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPN) is an uncommon, but not rare, type of bacterial infection of the kidneys. Malignancies originating within the renal pelvis are uncommon. We report a case of XPN associated with a transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the renal pelvis in a 70-year-old woman. The pathogenesis of carcinoma of the renal pelvis in the presence of XPN is related to obstruction, chronic inflammation, and mechanical irritation caused by calculi. In the case reported here, obstruction was due to a concomitant TCC of the ureter without the presence of calculi. A review of the twelve published case reports of XPN with TCC of the renal pelvis, including the present case, showed that the frequency of this association is 3.3%, the average age at presentation is 65.3 (range 49–78) years, and that the male:female ratio is 2:1. Moreover, 25% of the patients had TCC of the ureter and 8.3% TCC of the bladder. The combination of XPN, TCC of the renal pelvis, and lithiasis occurred in 33.3% of the cases. XPN must be treated by nephrectomy not only because it is a destructive inflammatory process leading to complete loss of renal function, but also because the kidney may be harboring a malignant tumor.

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Proliferating cell nuclear antigen in prostatic adenocarcinoma: Correlation with established prognostic indicators

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Ki-67 and PCNA expression in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Ki-67 and PCNA expression in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Antigen Retrieval Immunohistochemistry: Past, Present, and Future

Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis Associated with Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis

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