Prolidase function in proline metabolism and its medical and biotechnological applications

Kitchener, Rebecca L.; Grunden, Amy M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05310.x

Cited by 78 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…According to Kitch (2014), copper is involved in the synthesis and organization of collagen and elastin fibres, and this role may contribute to the formation of a near-normal dermis as found in the wound treated only on the first day with Costus afer paste. This effect is likely to be fuelled by the presence of manganese in the extract, which activates the enzyme prolidase to provide proline for collagen and elastin synthesis (Kitchener and Grunden, 2012). In addition, manganese may also contribute to cell migration by enhancing the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans in the ECM (Higdon and Drake, 2010).…”

Section: Discussion:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric and Histological Studies of Effects of Aqueous Extract of Costus Afer Stem Juice on Cutaneous Wound of Albino Rats.

Ekanem¹,

Udoh²,

Peter³

2018

IJAR

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Keywords:-wound healing, Costus afer stem, regeneration of skin, dermal organization, tensile strength.The aim of this study was to investigate the morphometric and histological effects of aqueous extact of Costus afer stem on rat skin wound. Phytochemical analysis of the extract showed the presence of saponin, alkaloids, lignans, terpenes, quinones, stilbenes and flavonoids. Calcium, magnesium, potassium, copper, manganese and phosphorus were also detected in the extract. Twenty-five adult female albino rats with weights between 243-320g were used for the study. The rats were divided equally into 5 groups. They were wounded on their dorsum under ketamine hydrochloride anaesthesia. Immediately hemostasis was attained, the rats were treated according to their groups. Group A wounds were left without treatment, group B were treated only on the first day with iodine ointment, group C were treated for 7days with iodine ointment, group D were treated only on the first day with Costus afer paste, and group E were treated for 7days with Costus afer paste. Using ruler android application, the rate of contraction was not significantly different across the groups and the rate of reepithelialization was significantly highest in group D at p<0.05. the tensile strength measured with tensiometer was significantly highest (p<0.05) in group D at 692.20g. Masson's trichrome sections showed randomly organized collagen fibres in group D and E. There was also indication of growing hair follicles in group D. In conclusion, aqueous extract of Costus afer stem prove to be more effective in wound healing than iodine and its stem juice can be used cautiously for wound treatment.

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Section: Discussion:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric and Histological Studies of Effects of Aqueous Extract of Costus Afer Stem Juice on Cutaneous Wound of Albino Rats.

Ekanem¹,

Udoh²,

Peter³

2018

IJAR

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“…During the degradation of collagen, PEPD cleaves dipeptides containing a proline or hydroxyproline at the C terminus, thereby releasing free proline into the cytoplasm (48,49). Mutations that result in the loss of enzymatic activity give rise to prolidase deficiency (PD), a rare autosomal recessive disease in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolidase Is Required for Early Trafficking Events during Influenza A Virus Entry

Pohl

Edinger

Stertz

2014

J Virol

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Influenza A virus (IAV) entry is a multistep process that requires the interaction of the virus with numerous host factors. In this study, we demonstrate that prolidase (PEPD) is a cellular factor required by IAV for successful entry into target cells. PEPD was selected as a candidate during an entry screen performed on nonvalidated primary hits from previously published genome-wide small interfering RNA (siRNA) screens. siRNA-mediated depletion of PEPD resulted in the decreased growth of IAV during mono-and multicycle growth. This growth defect was independent of cell type or virus strain. Furthermore, IAV restriction was apparent as early as 3 h postinfection, and experiments in the absence of protein biosynthesis revealed that the nuclear import of viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vRNPs) was already blocked in the absence of PEPD. These results led us to investigate which step during entry was affected. Receptor expression, IAV attachment, or IAV internalization was not dependent on the presence of PEPD. However, when looking at the distribution of incoming IAV particles in PEPD-knockdown cells, we found a localization pattern that differed from that in control cells: IAV mostly localized to the cell periphery, and consequently, viral particles displayed reduced colocalization with early and late endosome markers and fusion between viral and endosomal membranes was strongly reduced. Finally, experiments using a competitive inhibitor of PEPD catalytic activity suggested that the enzymatic function of the dipeptidase is required for its proviral effect on IAV entry. In sum, this study establishes PEPD as a novel entry factor required for early endosomal trafficking of IAV. IMPORTANCEInfluenza A virus (IAV) continues to be a constant threat to public health. As IAV relies on its host cell for replication, the identification of host factors required by the virus is of importance. First, such studies often reveal novel functions of cellular factors and can extend our knowledge of cellular processes. Second, we can further our understanding of processes that are required for the entry of IAV into target cells. Third, the identification of host factors that contribute to IAV entry will increase the number of potential targets for the development of novel antiviral drugs that are of urgent need. Our study identifies prolidase (PEPD) to be a novel entry factor required by IAV for correct routing within the endosomal compartment following virus internalization. Thereby, we link PEPD, which has been shown to play a role during collagen recycling and growth factor signaling, to early events of viral infection.

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“…Recently, it was determined that in the presence of NO, the prolidase activity increases but prolidase expression remains unchanged (50).…”

Section: Oxidative Stress and Prolidasementioning

confidence: 99%

Prolidase

Namiduru¹

2016

BLL

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Prolidase (EC.3.4.13.9) or proline dipeptidase, is one of the unique enzyme capable of degrading dipeptides, in which a proline or hydroxyproline residue is located at the C-terminal position. Prolidase has a unique function in all cell types; therefore, the mechanisms and parameters involved in prolidase activity regulation are of special interest. Could prolidase be a good biomarker in different physiologic and pathologic conditions? This is an important question. There is no consensus on the answer to this question. It is of great importance during collagen turnover, infl ammation, tissue fi brosis and skeletal abnormalities. Prolidase itself without other biochemical markers may not provide information to clinicians about disease activity. So, I think it should be evaluated together with other serum biochemical markers. This review will serve to discuss many in vivo functions of prolidase, as well as level prolidase activity in diagnosis and monitoring of treatment in the various diseases (Ref. 50). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

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Prolidase function in proline metabolism and its medical and biotechnological applications

Cited by 78 publications

References 86 publications

Morphometric and Histological Studies of Effects of Aqueous Extract of Costus Afer Stem Juice on Cutaneous Wound of Albino Rats.

Morphometric and Histological Studies of Effects of Aqueous Extract of Costus Afer Stem Juice on Cutaneous Wound of Albino Rats.

Prolidase Is Required for Early Trafficking Events during Influenza A Virus Entry

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