Prolactin Inhibition in Lactating Rats Changes Leptin Transfer through the Milk

Bonomo, I; Lisboa, Patrícia Cristina; Passos, M. C. F.; Pazos‐Moura, Carmen C.; Reis, Adelina M.; Moura, Egberto Gaspar de

doi:10.1055/s-2005-861381

Cited by 49 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Here, serum prolactin levels were positively correlated with mammary gland mass, as well as with asymptotic food intake and MEO during the 1st lactation period. Thus, serum prolactin levels are likely to be involved in the regulation of food intake during the peak lactation period and become a potential factor involved in limits to SusEI, a concept which is consistent with the prediction of the saturated neural control hypothesis (Sauve and Woodside, 2000;Bonomo et al, 2005;Speakman and Król, 2005;Zhao et al, 2010a). However, in the present study such significant correlations were not observed in the females during the 2nd, 3rd or 4th lactation periods.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

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Milk energy output in Swiss mice throughout the first, second, third and fourth lactation events

Zhao

2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Most studies on the factors limiting sustained energy intake (SusEI) during peak lactation period have been performed in females at the 1st lactation event. However, an inconsistent change in SusEI is observed between the 1st and 2nd lactation event. Thus, the limits to SusEI may be associated with reproductive experiences, but the effects of reproductive experiences on SusEI or reproductive output remain unclear. Here, food intake, reproductive output, suckling behaviour and serum prolactin levels were measured in female Swiss mice throughout the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th lactation periods. Asymptotic food intake was significantly elevated during the 2nd lactation period relative to that observed during the 1st lactation period. Females in the 2nd lactation period exported significantly more energy in milk than those in the 1st lactation event and consequently raised larger litters with heavier litters at weaning. This was inconsistent with the prediction of the peripheral limitation hypothesis, but also did not provide support for the heat dissipation limitation hypothesis. Neither food intake nor reproductive output, indicative of litter size, litter mass and milk energy output (MEO), was different between the 1st, 3rd and 4th lactation event. Differences in suckling behaviour and serum prolactin levels were not significant between the four lactation events. Correlations of prolactin levels with asymptotic food intake, MEO and mammary gland mass were only observed in females during the 1st lactation period. This may suggest that prolactin is not a key factor in stimulating milk production when the mammary glands work at their maximum during the peak lactation period.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…There is considerable evidence that prolactin is involved in the regulation of food intake. Thus, it may represent a potential new factor associated with neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying limits to SusEI during the lactation period (Noel and Woodside, 1993;Sauve and Woodside, 2000;Bonomo et al, 2005;Speakman and Król, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk energy output in Swiss mice throughout the first, second, third and fourth lactation events

Zhao

2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Early weaning changes serum leptin levels in weaned animals (Bonomo et al 2005, Lima et al 2011. This early change in the leptin level is critical for establishing neural circuitry in the hypothalamus (Bouret et al 2004) at a different set point of regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of running wheel training on adult obese rats programmed by maternal prolactin inhibition

Boaventura

Casimiro-Lopes

Pazos‐Moura

et al. 2013

Journal of Endocrinology

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The inhibition of maternal prolactin production in late lactation leads to metabolic syndrome and hypothyroidism in adult offspring. Physical training is a therapeutic strategy that could prevent or reverse this condition. We evaluated the effects of a short-duration low-intensity running wheel training program on the metabolic and hormonal alterations in rats. Lactating Wistar rats were treated with bromocriptine (Bro, 1 mg twice a day) or saline on days 19, 20, and 21 of lactation, and the training of offspring began at 35 days of age. Offspring were divided into sedentary and trained controls (C-Sed and C-Ex) and sedentary and trained Bro-treated rats (Bro-Sed and Bro-Ex). Chronic exercise delayed the onset of weight gain in Bro-Ex offspring, and the food intake did not change during the experimental period. At 180 days, visceral fat mass was higher (C46%) in the Bro-Sed offspring than in C-Sed and Bro-Ex rats. As expected, running capacity was higher in trained animals. Most parameters observed in the Bro-Sed offspring were consistent with hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome and were reversed in the Bro-Ex group. Chronic exercise did not influence the muscle glycogen in the C-Ex group; however, liver glycogen was higher (C30%) in C-Ex group and was unchanged in both Bro offspring groups. Bro-Ex animals had higher plasma lactate dehydrogenase levels, indicating skeletal muscle damage and intolerance of the training program. Low-intensity chronic training is able to normalize many clinical aspects in Bro animals; however, these animals might have had a lower threshold for exercise adaptation than the control rats.

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“…At weaning, dams were separated from their litters and, 2 h later, milk was collected and stored at K20 8C until assayed (Bonomo et al 2005). After that, S and C dams and pups were killed, and blood was collected.…”

Section: Detection Of Cotinine (Nicotine Metabolite)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this, mothers were separated from litters for 2 h before milking (Bonomo et al 2005). After i.p.…”

Section: Milk Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tobacco smoke exposure during lactation on nutritional and hormonal profiles in mothers and offspring

Santos-Silva

Oliveira²,

Pinheiro³

et al. 2011

Journal of Endocrinology

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Exposure to tobacco smoke is related to changes in energy balance regulation and several endocrine dysfunctions. Previously, we showed that maternal nicotine (the main addictive compound of tobacco) exposure exclusively during lactation affects biochemical profiles in mothers, milk, and pups. As the possible consequences for mothers and offspring of maternal smoking during lactation are still unknown, we evaluated the effects of tobacco smoke exposure on nutritional, biochemical, and hormonal parameters in dams and pups at weaning. After 72 h from birth, lactating rats were divided into two groups: smoke-exposed (S) in a cigarette-smoking machine, 4!1 h per day throughout the lactation period without pups; control (C), rats were treated the same as the experimental group but exposed to filtered air. Dams and pups were killed at weaning (21 days of lactation). Body weight and food intake were evaluated. Milk, blood, visceral fat, adrenal, and carcass were collected. S dams showed hyperprolactinemia (C50%), hypoinsulinemia (K40%), hypoleptinemia (K46%), as well as lower triglycerides (K53%) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (K50%). Milk of S dams had higher lactose (C52%) and triglycerides (C78%). S pups presented higher body protein (C17%), lower total (K24%) and subcutaneous fat contents (K25%), hypoglycemia (K11%), hyperinsulinemia (C28%), hypocorticosteronemia (K40%), lower adrenal catecholamine content (K40%), hypertriglyceridemia (C34%), higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (C16%), and lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (K45%). In conclusion, tobacco smoke exposure leads to changes in nutritional, biochemical, and hormonal parameters in dams and, passively through the milk, may promote several important metabolic disorders in the progeny.

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Prolactin Inhibition in Lactating Rats Changes Leptin Transfer through the Milk

Cited by 49 publications

References 32 publications

Milk energy output in Swiss mice throughout the first, second, third and fourth lactation events

Milk energy output in Swiss mice throughout the first, second, third and fourth lactation events

Effects of running wheel training on adult obese rats programmed by maternal prolactin inhibition

Effects of tobacco smoke exposure during lactation on nutritional and hormonal profiles in mothers and offspring

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