Prolactin and the physiological regulation of its secretion. A review

Ciechanowska, Magdalena; Misztal, Tomasz; Przekop, F

doi:10.22358/jafs/65997/2013

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 115 publications

(164 reference statements)

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“…An abundant amount of salsolinol in the hypothalamus of lactating sheep, its release in response to suckling and the involvement of the hypothalamic neuroendocrine dopaminergic system in the regulatory mechanisms for the release of some pituitary hormones led us to investigate whether salsolinol participates in the inhibition of the HPA axis response to stress. To confirm this hypothesis, a series of experiments were performed on lactating sheep, in which the isolation stress of varying strength was used with a combination of suckling and i.c.v.…”

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confidence: 99%

Suckling and Salsolinol Attenuate Responsiveness of the Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis to Stress: Focus on Catecholamines, Corticotrophin‐Releasing Hormone, Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone, Cortisol and Prolactin Secretion in Lactating Sheep

Hasiec

Tomaszewska-Zaremba

Misztal

2014

J Neuroendocrinology

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In mammals, the responsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to stress is reduced during lactation and this mainly results from suckling by the offspring. The suckling stimulus causes a release of the hypothalamic 1-metyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (salsolinol) (a derivative of dopamine), one of the prolactin-releasing factors. To investigate the involvement of salsolinol in the mechanism suppressing stress-induced HPA axis activity, we conducted a series of experiments on lactating sheep, in which they were treated with two kinds of isolation stress (isolation from the flock with lamb present or absent), combined with suckling and/or i.c.v infusion of salsolinol and 1-methyl-3,4-dihydro-isoqinoline (1-MeDIQ; an antagonistic analogue of salsolinol). Additionally, a push-pull perfusion of the infundibular nucleus/median eminence (IN/ME) and blood sample collection with 10-min intervals were performed during the experiments. Concentrations of perfusate corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and catecholamines (noradrenaline, dopamine and salsolinol), as well as concentrations of plasma adenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), cortisol and prolactin, were assayed. A significant increase in perfusate noradrenaline, plasma ACTH and cortisol occurred in response to both kinds of isolation stress. Suckling and salsolinol reduced the stress-induced increase in plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations. Salsolinol also significantly reduced the stress-induced noradrenaline and dopamine release within the IN/ME. Treatment with 1-MeDIQ under the stress conditions significantly diminished the salsolinol concentration and increased CRH and cortisol concentrations. Stress and salsolinol did not increase the plasma prolactin concentration, in contrast to the suckling stimulus. In conclusion, salsolinol released in nursing sheep may have a suppressing effect on stress-induced HPA axis activity and peripheral prolactin does not appear to participate in its action.

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confidence: 99%

Suckling and Salsolinol Attenuate Responsiveness of the Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis to Stress: Focus on Catecholamines, Corticotrophin‐Releasing Hormone, Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone, Cortisol and Prolactin Secretion in Lactating Sheep

Hasiec

Tomaszewska-Zaremba

Misztal

2014

J Neuroendocrinology

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“…It is primarily under inhibitory control of the hypothalamus, mediated through dopamine (catecholamine), which is the key PIF 11 – 13 , 16 , 17 . PRL secretion is also inhibited by acetylcholine, oxytocin, vasopressin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide, angiotensin II, neurotensin, neuropeptide Y, calcitonin, bombesin like peptides, atrial natriuretic peptide, and prolactin itself through an excitatory mechanism of the dopamine neurons 13 , 18 . Furthermore, PRL secretion is stimulated by thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, serotonin, noradrenaline, histamine, galanin, somatostatin, cholecystokinin, ɣ amino butyric acid (GABA), nitric oxide, oestrogen, oestradiol, endogenous opioids etc 11 – 13 , 19 , 20 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Pool vs single sample determination of serum prolactin to explore venipuncture associated stress induced variation

Das¹,

Gogoi²

2023

Sci Rep

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Stress is identified as a cause of transient hyperprolactinemia, whereas venipuncture is considered a source of stress for patient. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of venipuncture-induced stress with elevation of serum prolactin. This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted on a group of 150 outdoor patients visiting a tertiary care hospital. Serial sampling was performed by drawing venous blood at different time intervals (0, 30 and 60 min) by single venipuncture to measure serum prolactin to diagnose stress-induced hyperprolactinemia. The study was conducted in two phases, namely, Phase 1 and Phase 2, at different times. The Phase 1 results were divided into two groups: Group 1 (0 min) and Group 5 (pool prepared from samples collected at 0 + 30 + 60 min). Likewise, the results of Phase 2 were segregated into five groups; Group 1 (0 min), Group 2 (30 min), Group 3 (60 min), Group 4 (average of three groups), and Group 5 (pool from samples collected at 0 + 30 + 60 min). In both Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the study, there was a statistically significant (p = 0.0003 in Phase 1 and p = 0.02 in Phase 2) decrease in the mean prolactin (17.99 ± 24.76 ng/mL in Phase 1 and 19.61 ± 23.42 ng/mL in Phase 2) in the pooled samples (Group 5) in comparison to the mean prolactin (19.67 ± 27.69 ng/mL in Phase 1 and 21.06 ± 25.06 ng/mL in Phase 2) of the serum collected at 0 h (Group 1). There was no significant difference in the mean prolactin measured from the pooled samples and average prolactin calculated after individual testing from each sample collected at 0 h, 30 min and 60 min. Venipuncture-triggered fear and apprehension may result in transient hyperprolactinemia. In comparison to performing multiple testing on the samples collected at different time intervals and determining the mean, measurement of the analyte from the pooled serum is the better alternative as it can conserve both time and resources.

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The Pituitary Gland: Functional Relationship with the Hypothalamus, Structure, and Physiology

Al-Suhaimi¹,

Khan²

2022

Emerging Concepts in Endocrine Structure and Functions

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Prolactin and the physiological regulation of its secretion. A review

Cited by 6 publications

References 115 publications

Suckling and Salsolinol Attenuate Responsiveness of the Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis to Stress: Focus on Catecholamines, Corticotrophin‐Releasing Hormone, Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone, Cortisol and Prolactin Secretion in Lactating Sheep

Suckling and Salsolinol Attenuate Responsiveness of the Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis to Stress: Focus on Catecholamines, Corticotrophin‐Releasing Hormone, Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone, Cortisol and Prolactin Secretion in Lactating Sheep

Pool vs single sample determination of serum prolactin to explore venipuncture associated stress induced variation

The Pituitary Gland: Functional Relationship with the Hypothalamus, Structure, and Physiology

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