Prokineticin 1 mRNA expression in the endometrium of healthy women and in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis

Role of EG-VEGF in Human Placentation: Physiological and Pathological Implications

“…In addition, it has been suggested that EG-VEGF could have a role in mediating the dysregulated vascular permeability that occur in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. The expression of PROKs and their receptors has also been reported in the fallopian tube from women with ectopic pregnancy (Tiberi et al,2010). A dysregulation of these factors and their receptors has been demonstrated, suggesting a potential role for PROKs in fallopian tube function (Shaw et al,2010).…”

Association between polymorphisms of prokineticin receptor (PKR1 rs4627609 and PKR2 rs6053283) and recurrent pregnancy loss

“…Biallelic PKR2 mutations have also been reported in women suffering from primary amenorrhea and breast development dysfunction, especially in monoallelic mutation of PKR2 carriers (Monnier et al, 2009;Sarfati et al, 2010). Other disorders associated with the PK1 signaling pathway include polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), ectopic pregnancy, endometriosis, and pre-eclampsia (Hoffmann et al, 2006;Shaw et al, 2010;Tiberi et al, 2010). Studies have demonstrated that the PK1 expression is higher in ectopic endometrial and polycystic ovarian tissue in patients with endometriosis or PCOS, and this suggests the role of angiogenesis of PK1 (Ferrara et al, 2003;Shaw et al, 2010).…”

Prokineticin 1, homeobox A10, and progesterone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid expression in primary cultures of endometrial stromal cells isolated from endometrium of healthy women and from eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis

“…We have demonstrated that in isolated glands from eutopic endometrium PROK1 mRNA expression is more rarely detected in patients with endometriosis than in a control group. Moreover, when comparing the positive samples from the two groups, detectable PROK1 mRNA levels were 10 times lower in samples obtained in patients with endometriosis than in healthy women (3).…”