Projective Technique Testing Approach to the Understanding of Psychological Pain in Suicidal and Non-Suicidal Psychiatric Inpatients

Berardelli, Isabella; Sarubbi, Salvatore; Spagnoli, Alessandra; Fina, Chiara; Rogante, Elena; Erbuto, Denise; Innamorati, Marco; Lester, David; Pompili, Maurizio

doi:10.3390/ijerph17010284

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The connection between high levels of psychological pain with the severity of "S" thoughts and acts indicated higher levels of psychological pain in subjects with past and current "S" attempts compared to subjects without attempted suicide (Ducasse et al, 2018). Additionally, significantly higher psychological pain severity was also observed in depressed patients compared to controls (Reist et al, 2017;Berardelli et al, 2020). Shelef (2015) in a group of soldiers of Israel Defence Forces showed that individuals with a low capacity for emotional regulation of psychological pain manifested a higher intensity of psychological pain and had more "S" thoughts.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of selected suicide risk factors and the level of spirituals transcendence and religiosity

Surmacz¹,

Tylec²,

Ryś³

et al. 2021

FetR

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Suicide is a global phenomenon and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The analysis covers suicidal risk factors (depression, psychological pain, fascination with death) and protective factors (spirituality, religiosity) in the population of healthy people in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the relationship between recent stressful events and suicide risk factors. In the period from October 2020 to March 2021, 260 people aged 18-63 were surveyed electronically, using the own questionnaire and Polish adaptations of research tools to assess: depression, mental pain, anxiety and fascination with death, spirituality and religiosity and the AUDIT screening test. 38.8% of the respondents achieved the result indicating the presence of symptoms of depression and the need for specialist consultation. Women achieved higher results compared to men (Z = -2.424; p = 0.015). In the measurement of religiosity and spiritual transcendence, the lowest score was noted on the following scales: religious commitment, religious crisis and fulfillment in prayer, while the highest score in the sense of attachment scale. Among the maximum results, the lowest was recorded in the measurement of transcendence and the highest in religious commitment. In the subscale of religious commitment, the respondents achieved the lowest average intensity, and slightly higher in the measurement of the religious crisis. However, the feeling of fulfillment in prayer and universality were the most intense. Statistical significance was demonstrated between depression and fascination with death (ρ = 0.399; p <0.001) and depression and psychological pain (ρ = 0.677; p <0.001). As the religious crisis intensified, the following also intensified: depression (ρ = 0.290; p <0.001), psychological pain (ρ = 0.279; p <0.001) and fascination with death (ρ = 0.224; p <0.001). A positive correlation was found between the number of stressful events and depression (ρ = 0.259; p <0.001) and psychological pain (ρ = 0.295; p <0.001). Statistical significance was demonstrated in the analysis of the impact of recent stressors on suicide risk factors. Psychological pain is the strongest predictor of the "S" sample, and the religious crisis is associated with a greater severity of suicide risk factors. Depressiveness correlates with the intensity of mental pain and fascination with death in people with a high level of spiritual transcendence and religiosity. Increased depression and psychological pain are more common in women and in people experiencing recent stressful situations in life.

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Section: Discussion Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of selected suicide risk factors and the level of spirituals transcendence and religiosity

Surmacz¹,

Tylec²,

Ryś³

et al. 2021

FetR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They found that current psychache and worst-ever psychache were both associated with high suicide risk in their sample. However, no significant differences were found among the three diagnostic groups [49]. The concept of psychache opens new avenues for the investigation of psychopathological symptoms and their relationship to pain.…”

Section: Differences Between Patients Who Experience High Versus Low mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…There is evidence that GABA agents are also effective against pain. Furthermore, the expression of pain depends to a large degree on the relationship of the patient with the person inquiring about the pain [49]. Empowering patients to share in decisions about control of pain has borne positive results [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigators have highlighted the concept of psychological pain or psychache [49], especially important because of its association with suicidal behavior. Berardelli and collaborators carried out a cross-sectional study of patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia [49]. They administered Shneidman's Psychological Pain Assessment Scale (PPAS) to assess mental pain and used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) to evaluate suicide risk.…”

Section: Differences Between Patients Who Experience High Versus Low mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pain Sensitivity in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Narrative Review of Recent Work

González-Rodríguez

Labad

Seeman

2021

Psychiatry International

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Many patients with schizophrenia seem relatively immune to physical pain while others complain of constant pain. This may result from disturbances or alterations of the sensory threshold for pain in populations with psychosis, a possibility for which there is some preliminary evidence. The inconsistency in pain perception may, in part, be explained by the treatments patients receive, but treatment-naïve patients also exhibit differences in response to pain. This suggests that decreased pain sensitivity may represent a specific psychosis endophenotype. Thus far, few experimental studies have investigated sensory thresholds, pain modalities, or other factors contributing to the perception or expression of physical pain in psychosis. A digital search for information on this topic was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar. The result is a non-systematic, narrative review focusing on recent clinical and experimental findings of pain sensitivity in patients with psychosis. Importantly, physical and mental pain are closely connected constructs that may be difficult to differentiate. Our hope is that the review provides some clarity to the field in the specific context of schizophrenia.

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“…Moreover, the TAT as well as the essay requirement may be too demanding for patients with severe psychiatric pathology. Several studies utilized the PPAS in clinical samples ( 40 , 41 , 42 ) and one study in a student sample ( 43 ). Leenaars et al ( 43 )and Pompili ( 42 ) have discussed construct and content validity issues of the PPAS.…”

Section: Measurement Of Psychological Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological pain and suicidal behavior: A review

Baryshnikov

Isometsä

2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Despite accumulation of clinical research on risk factors for suicidal process, understanding of the mechanisms and pathways underlying the emergence of suicidal thoughts and their progression to acts is insufficient. The suicidal process has been conceptualized in multiple psychological theories that have aimed to shed light on the interplay of contributing factors. One of the central concepts included in both the cubic model of suicide and the three-step theory of suicide is psychological pain (mental pain or psychache). Over the two last decades, interest in psychological pain has increased considerably, particularly since the discovery of the complex link between the pain processing system and the neurobiology of suicide, and the putative antisuicidal effect of buprenorphine. Growing evidence supports the association between experiencing psychological pain and suicidal ideation and acts in both clinical and non-clinical samples. However, many questions related to the concept of psychological pain and its role in prediction of suicidal behavior remain to be answered in future research. In this narrative review, we have outlined the history of the concept, the definition of psychological pain, and the tools developed for its measurement, summarized the empirical research on psychological pain in relation to suicidal behavior, and suggested future directions for clinical research on psychological pain and suicidal behavior.

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Projective Technique Testing Approach to the Understanding of Psychological Pain in Suicidal and Non-Suicidal Psychiatric Inpatients

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Assessment of selected suicide risk factors and the level of spirituals transcendence and religiosity

Assessment of selected suicide risk factors and the level of spirituals transcendence and religiosity

Pain Sensitivity in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Narrative Review of Recent Work

Psychological pain and suicidal behavior: A review

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