Projections from Gudden's tegmental nuclei to the mammillary body region in the cynomolgus monkey (<i>Macaca fascicularis</i>)

Saunders, Richard C.; Vann, Seralynne Denise; Aggleton, John Patrick

doi:10.1002/cne.22740

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…In chickens, double‐labeling experiments with locus coeruleus markers and Pax7 suggested that these cells migrate tangentially ventralwards from their origin in the alar plate to a final position in the lateral basal plate (Aroca et al, 2006). In addition, in r1 we found a small group of Pax3‐expressing cells that are readily comparable to the Pax3 cells described in adult mice in the dorsal tegmental nucleus of Gudden (Stoykova and Gruss, 1994), which projects to the mammillary bodies and is involved in angular head velocity, learning, and navigation (Morest, 1961; Bassett and Taube, 2001; Saunders et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Expression patterns of Pax6 and Pax7 in the adult brain of a urodele amphibian, Pleurodeles waltl

Joven

Morona

González

et al. 2013

J of Comparative Neurology

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Expression patterns of Pax6, Pax7, and, to a lesser extent, Pax3 genes were analyzed by a combination of immunohistochemical techniques in the central nervous system of adult specimens of the urodele amphibian Pleurodeles waltl. Only Pax6 was found in the telencephalon, specifically the olfactory bulbs, striatum, septum, and lateral and central parts of the amygdala. In the diencephalon, Pax6 and Pax7 were distinct in the alar and basal parts, respectively, of prosomere 3. The distribution of Pax6, Pax7, and Pax3 cells correlated with the three pretectal domains. Pax7 specifically labeled cells in the dorsal mesencephalon, mainly in the optic tectum, and Pax6 cells were the only cells found in the tegmentum. Large populations of Pax7 cells occupied the rostral rhombencephalon, along with lower numbers of Pax6 and Pax3 cells. Pax6 was found in most granule cells of the cerebellum. Pax6 cells also formed a column of scattered neurons in the reticular formation and were found in the octavolateral area. The rhombencephalic ventricular zone of the alar plate expressed Pax7. Dorsal Pax7 cells and ventral Pax6 cells were found along the spinal cord. Our results show that the expression of Pax6 and Pax7 is widely maintained in the brains of adult urodeles, in contrast to the situation in other tetrapods. This discrepancy could be due to the generally pedomorphic features of urodele brains. Although the precise role of these transcription factors in adult brains remains to be determined, our findings support the idea that they may also function in adult urodeles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Expression patterns of Pax6 and Pax7 in the adult brain of a urodele amphibian, Pleurodeles waltl

Joven

Morona

González

et al. 2013

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…In all cases the injection appeared moderately large, such that reaction product extended laterally to reach the lateral mammillary nucleus, medially to the midline and seemingly beyond the nucleus. The active injection site was, however, almost certainly far smaller than the overall area of reaction product (see Saunders et al ., ), and always centred in the medial mammillary nucleus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In all three cases a 0.15‐μL injection of 35% HRP (Boehringer, Mannheim, Germany) in 2% dimethyl‐sulfoxide solution was placed in the region of the left MB. Full descriptions of the surgical procedures have been given elsewhere (Saunders et al ., ). In brief, monkeys were sedated with ketamine hydrochloride (10–15 mg/kg, intramuscular injection), then given intravenous pentothal, before being placed in a stereotaxic apparatus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Complementary subicular pathways to the anterior thalamic nuclei and mammillary bodies in the rat and macaque monkey brain

et al. 2016

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The origins of the hippocampal (subicular) projections to the anterior thalamic nuclei and mammillary bodies were compared in rats and macaque monkeys using retrograde tracers. These projections form core components of the Papez circuit, which is vital for normal memory. The study revealed a complex pattern of subicular efferents, consistent with the presence of different, parallel information streams, whose segregation appears more marked in the rat brain. In both species, the cells projecting to the mammillary bodies and anterior thalamic nuclei showed laminar separation but also differed along other hippocampal axes. In the rat, these diencephalic inputs showed complementary topographies in the proximal-distal (columnar) plane, consistent with differential involvement in object-based (proximal subiculum) and context-based (distal subiculum) information. The medial mammillary inputs, which arose along the anterior-posterior extent of the rat subiculum, favoured the central subiculum (septal hippocampus) and the more proximal subiculum (temporal hippocampus). In contrast, anterior thalamic inputs were largely confined to the dorsal (i.e. septal and intermediate) subiculum, where projections to the anteromedial nucleus favoured the proximal subiculum while those to the anteroventral nucleus predominantly arose in the distal subiculum. In the macaque, the corresponding diencephalic inputs were again distinguished by anterior-posterior topographies, as subicular inputs to the medial mammillary bodies predominantly arose from the posterior hippocampus while subicular inputs to the anteromedial thalamic nucleus predominantly arose from the anterior hippocampus. Unlike the rat, there was no clear evidence of proximal-distal separation as all of these medial diencephalic projections preferentially arose from the more distal subiculum.

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“…Indeed, for a number of years the very existence of this nucleus in humans had been in doubt (Petrovicky, 1971; Hayakawa and Zyo, 1983). However, it is now apparent that the structure and connections of the VTNg are remarkably similar across species (Petrovicky, 1973; Irle and Markowitsch, 1982; Hayakawa and Zyo, 1984; Huang et al, 1992; Saunders et al, 2012). To date, there is only one reported amnesic patient with restricted damage in the VTN area, but this study is limited in that only CT images were available (Goldberg et al, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dismantling the Papez circuit for memory in rats

Vann

2013

eLife

129

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Over the last 50 years, anatomical models of memory have repeatedly highlighted the hippocampal inputs to the mammillary bodies via the postcommissural fornix. Such models downplay other projections to the mammillary bodies, leaving them largely ignored. The present study challenged this dominant view by removing, in rats, the two principal inputs reaching the mammillary bodies: the postcommissural fornix from the hippocampal formation and Gudden's ventral tegmental nucleus. The principal mammillary body output pathway, the mammillothalamic tract, was disconnected in a third group. Only mammillothalamic tract and Gudden's ventral tegmental nucleus lesions impaired behavioral tests of spatial working memory and, in particular, disrupted the use of extramaze spatial landmarks. The same lesions also produced widespread reductions in immediate-early gene (c-fos) expression in a network of memory-related regions, not seen after postcommissural fornix lesions. These findings are inconsistent with previous models of mammillary body function (those dominated by hippocampal inputs) and herald a new understanding of why specific diencephalic structures are vital for memory.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00736.001

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Projections from Gudden's tegmental nuclei to the mammillary body region in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

Cited by 14 publications

References 51 publications

Expression patterns of Pax6 and Pax7 in the adult brain of a urodele amphibian, Pleurodeles waltl

Expression patterns of Pax6 and Pax7 in the adult brain of a urodele amphibian, Pleurodeles waltl

Complementary subicular pathways to the anterior thalamic nuclei and mammillary bodies in the rat and macaque monkey brain

Dismantling the Papez circuit for memory in rats

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