Projected distribution and climate refugia of endangered Kashmir musk deer Moschus cupreus in greater Himalaya, South Asia

Singh, Paras B.; Mainali, Kumar P.; Jiang, Zhigang; Thapa, Arjun; Subedi, Naresh; Awan, Muhammad Naeem; Ilyas, Orus; Luitel, Himal; Hu, Huijian

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58111-6

Cited by 31 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…It was also corroborated by predictions based on mapping of climate refugia and habitat suitability that suggested the occurrence of M . cupreus in the Himalayan belt stretching from central Nepal to north-west India (including Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh), through the Kashmir region to Afghanistan (Singh et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic evidence indicates the occurrence of the Endangered Kashmir musk deer Moschus cupreus in Uttarakhand, India

Kumar

Singh

Sahoo

et al. 2022

Oryx

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The Endangered Kashmir musk deer Moschus cupreus occurs in the western Himalayan region from Nepal to Afghanistan, but there is a lack of comprehensive and reliable information on its range. The region also harbours the Endangered Himalayan musk deer Moschus leucogaster, and this range overlap may have led to misidentification of the two musk deer species and errors in the delimitation of their ranges. Here, using genetic analysis of the mitochondrial DNA control region, we examined the phylogenetic relationship among musk deer samples from three regions in India: Ganderbal District in Jammu and Kashmir, and Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary and Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, both in Uttarakhand. The Bayesian phylogenetic analysis indicated a close genetic relationship between samples from Jammu and Kashmir, Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary and Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, validated by previously published sequences of Kashmir musk deer from Nepal. Our analyses confirmed the samples from Uttarakhand to be from the Kashmir musk deer, which was not previously known from this region. Therefore, we recommend further research in this area, to validate species identification and confirm the geographical distribution of the various species of musk deer. In addition, we recommend revision of the range of M. cupreus in the IUCN Red List assessment, to facilitate effective conservation and management of this Endangered species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic evidence indicates the occurrence of the Endangered Kashmir musk deer Moschus cupreus in Uttarakhand, India

Kumar

Singh

Sahoo

et al. 2022

Oryx

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“…Based on our genetic results, we confirm the distribution of KMD from J&K to the UK region of KWLS (1025-3662 m) and NDBR (1,800-7,817 m). The prediction based on climate refugia and habitat suitability mapping for KMD supported the probability of occurrence in the belt of high Himalaya region that stretches from central Nepal to the north-west of India including Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh, reaching Afghanistan through the Kashmir Region of India and Pakistan (Singh et al, 2020). In addition, as per the IUCN database, the Western Himalayan region of UK also holds the population of M. leucogaster and M. chrysogaster.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Genetic evidence indicates new distribution record of endangered Kashmir musk deer (Moschus cupreus) with range expansion in Uttarakhand, India

Kumar

Singh

Sahoo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Kashmir musk deer, KMD (Moschus cupreus) is one the most threatened species reported from the Himalayan region of Kashmir, Pakistan and Afghanistan. A comprehensive and reliable distribution range of musk deer is still lacking. Recently, a molecular study confirmed the presence of KMD in Mustang in Nepal, west of Annapurna Himalayas. Here, we investigated the phylogenetic relationship of musk deer from Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary (KWLS), and Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve (NDBR), Uttarakhand region, India based on mitochondrial control region. The Bayesian phylogenetic analysis indicated a close genetic relationship between samples from J&K, KWLS and NDBR with identified lineages of KMD from Nepal with high posterior probabilities (PP~100). It confirmed that the musk deer lineage from the Uttarakhand region of KWLS (1025-3662 m) and NDBR (1800-7817 m) to be of KMD (M. cupreus) and hence a distinct Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU). Besides, as per the IUCN database, the Western Himalayan region also holds the population of M. leucogaster and M. chrysogaster. Hence, we suggest extensive sampling for proper identification and validation of the geographic limits of musk deer species. We report for the first time the existence of KMD from the Uttarakhand region that we recommend to be updated in the IUCN database. It will assist in the effective conservation and management of this enigmatic endangered species.

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“…freshwater mussels) is dependent on that of the fishes (Benson et al, 2021). Existing protection of areas identified as potential refugia is not always the case though, with Singh et al (2020) finding little alignment between protected areas and potential climate change refugia for Kashmir musk deer ( Moschus cupreus ) in the Himalayas. Similarly, Singh (2020) reported low overlap between protected areas and current suitable habitats for 255 threatened avian species in Southeast Asia, with the area of overlap decreasing under climate change scenarios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using species distribution modelling to identify ‘coldspots’ for conservation of freshwater fishes under a changing climate

Stewart

Ford

Benson

2022

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Like other Mediterranean regions, south-western Australia is predicted to experience an increase in temperature and drought conditions as a result of climate change, leading to altered species distributions. This study provides the first assessment of the effectiveness of the reserve system in Australia for conserving native freshwater fish by considering the congruence between protected areas and potential climate refugia in a global biodiversity hotspot.2. Using species distribution modelling, exposure to climate change was predicted for 13 native fish taxa, and priority areas (refugia) for fish conservation were identified by overlapping the present and future suitable climate envelopes of these taxa. Areas with climate refugia for >70% of the native freshwater fish fauna were recognized as 'coldspots'.3. Two taxa were predicted to lose all suitable climate in the region by 2080, and five other taxa were predicted to lose >80% of their area of suitable climate. A 'coldspot' was identified consisting of a core area where >80% of taxa were predicted to persist and a larger surrounding area where >70% of taxa were predicted to persist. 4. Although 93% of the core area of the coldspot is at present contained within the established protected areas network, only 26% of the surrounding area is contained within reserve boundaries. Future conservation actions, including the design and implementation of the protected area network, should take this coldspot into consideration.

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Projected distribution and climate refugia of endangered Kashmir musk deer Moschus cupreus in greater Himalaya, South Asia

Cited by 31 publications

References 71 publications

Genetic evidence indicates the occurrence of the Endangered Kashmir musk deer Moschus cupreus in Uttarakhand, India

Genetic evidence indicates the occurrence of the Endangered Kashmir musk deer Moschus cupreus in Uttarakhand, India

Genetic evidence indicates new distribution record of endangered Kashmir musk deer (Moschus cupreus) with range expansion in Uttarakhand, India

Using species distribution modelling to identify ‘coldspots’ for conservation of freshwater fishes under a changing climate

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