“…Out of them, 16 were validated for the DFIIPs implemented in Sri Lanka through semi-structured interviews. Further, four strategies, i.e., Extra work for stakeholders (Ninan and Mahalingam, 2017), Defensive (Yang et al, 2014;Yang and Shen, 2015), Appointing an independent party to monitor (Joos et al, 2020), and Reactive (Lim et al, 2005) were rejected as they are not applicable at the planning and designing stage of DFIIP in Sri Lanka. Additionally, twelve new management strategies were identified during the interviews.…”