Proinflammatory diet is associated with increased risk of squamous cell head and neck cancer

Abstract

Diets high in fruits and vegetables and low in red meat intake have been associated with decreased risk of head and neck cancer. Additionally, chronic inflammation pathways and their association with cancer have been widely described. We hypothesized a proinflammatory diet, as measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII ), is associated with increased risk of head and neck cancer. We used the Carolina Head and Neck Cancer (CHANCE) study, a population-based case-control study of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cases were recruited from a 46-county region in central North Carolina. Controls, frequency-matched on age, race, and sex were identified through the North Carolina Department of Motor Vehicle records. The DII score, adjusted for energy using the density approach (E-DII), was calculated from a food frequency questionnaire and split into four quartiles based on the distribution among controls. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were estimated with unconditional logistic regression. Cases had higher E-DII scores (i.e., a more proinflammatory diet) compared with controls (mean: -0.14 vs. -1.50; p value < 0.001). When compared with the lowest quartile, the OR for the highest quartile was 2.91 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.16-3.95), followed by 1.93 (95% CI: 1.43-2.62) for the third quartile, and 1.37 (95% CI: 1.00-1.89) for the second quartile. Both alcohol and smoking had a significant additive interaction with E-DII (smoking relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI): 2.83; 95% CI: 1.36-4.30 and alcohol RERI: 1.75; 95% CI: 0.77-2.75). These results provide additional evidence for the association between proinflammatory diet and head and neck cancer.

Childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for cancer: findings from a population-based survey of Canadian adults

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Perspective: The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII)—Lessons Learned, Improvements Made, and Future Directions

“…We have now used the E-DII in 16 publications (53,56,66,87,(111)(112)(113)(114)(115)(116)(117)(118)(119)(120)(121)(122) in which its use improved prediction in comparison to unadjusted DII scores.…”

Consumption of minimally processed foods as protective factors in the genesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in Brazil

“…The protective effects of fresh fruits can be explained by the numerous bioactive compounds present in these foods. In addition to attempts to explain the roles of nutrients and phytochemicals in the genesis and prevention of cancer, interest in the study of dietary patterns and their synergistic effects is increasing [7,34–39], as diets rich in anti-inflammatory agents from various dietary sources may help to reduce the risk of cancers of the mouth and pharynx [36,40,41].…”

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