Prohexadione-Ca Controls Vegetative Growth and Cropping Performance in Pear

Costa, Guglielmo; Sabatini, E.; Spinelli, Francesco; Andreotti, Carlo; Spada, Grasiela; Mazzini, F.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2004.653.16

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Shoot initiation, as a process, was unaffected by P-Ca in any of the trials. P-Ca did not significantly alter fruit set of 'Anjou' in any of the seasons that it was applied (data not shown), as similarly demonstrated with other pear cultivars (Asin et al, 2007;Costa et al, 2001;Rademacher et al, 2004;Sugar et al, 2004), with the exception of a few cases in which a positive effect on fruit set was observed (i.e., 2012; Costa et al, 2004;Smit et al, 2005). 'D'Anjou' is a cultivar that would benefit from practices that increase fruit set.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The growth-controlling compound, P-Ca, has been shown to effectively manage vegetative growth in several tree-fruit crops, including pear (Asin et al, 2007;Costa et al, 2001Costa et al, , 2004Elfving et al, 2002Elfving et al, , 2003bRademacher et al, 2004;Smit et al, 2005), apple (Malus ·domestica Borkh.) (Byers and Yoder, 1999;Duyvelshoff and Cline, 2013;Greene, 1999;Owens and Stover, 1999;Unrath, 1999), and sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) (Elfving et al, 2003a), but not peach (Prunus persica L.) (Byers and Yoder, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

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‘D’Anjou’ Pear Shoot Growth and Return Bloom, but Not Fruit Size, Are Reduced by Prohexadione-Calcium

Einhorn¹,

Pasa²,

Turner³

2014

horts

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Prohexadione-calcium (P-Ca) was applied to ‘Anjou’ pear (Pyrus communis L.) trees in the lower and upper Hood River Valley (HRV), Oregon, to determine its effectiveness for managing the excessive vigor of ‘Anjou’ under different growing climates. Vegetative growth and development (weekly shoot growth rate, total annual extension growth, number of initiated shoots, internodal length, and number of nodes), yield (fruit number and fruit size), and return bloom dynamics were evaluated between 2010 and 2013. P-Ca consistently reduced shoot elongation by ≈40% in all years and at both sites when doses of 250 ppm were applied in early spring (i.e., ≈5 cm of annual shoot extension) compared with untreated trees. Shorter shoots were the result of both reduced internodal growth and fewer nodes. In the cooler, upper HRV, a single P-Ca application controlled shoot elongation for the entire season, but in the warmer, lower HRV, a second flush of growth was generally observed ≈60 days after the first application. A subsequent P-Ca application (250 ppm) provided added growth control in some instances. Yield was unaffected by P-Ca the season of application; however, in one year, an increase in fruit number indirectly led to reduced fruit size; otherwise, fruit size was unaffected by P-Ca. Postharvest fruit quality was not influenced substantially by P-Ca. Return bloom, however, was consistently reduced by P-Ca. Return yield, the year after P-Ca application (recorded in 2013 only), was reduced in proportion to the decrease in return bloom relative to untreated trees. In 2012, ethephon was also evaluated, alone or in combination with P-Ca. When applied on its own either once (150 ppm, 5-cm growth), or twice [150 ppm, 5-cm growth; 300 ppm, 57 days after full bloom (DAFB)], ethephon did not affect vegetative growth or yield components but did improve return bloom and return yield relative to other treatments; however, when combined with P-Ca, ethephon did not reverse reductions in return bloom or return yield induced by P-Ca. The most effective ethephon treatment for promoting flowering and return yield (300 ppm, 57 DAFB) was not tested in combination with P-Ca. We conclude that P-Ca is an effective tool for controlling vigor of ‘Anjou’ trees, but the decrease in return bloom requires additional investigation. Further work testing combinations of ethephon and P-Ca are warranted to optimize growth and productivity of ‘Anjou’ trees.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

‘D’Anjou’ Pear Shoot Growth and Return Bloom, but Not Fruit Size, Are Reduced by Prohexadione-Calcium

Einhorn¹,

Pasa²,

Turner³

2014

horts

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“…The response of 'Starkrimson' shoots to P-Ca was consistent with that found in previous studies (Elfving et al, 2003;Costa et al, 2004;Smit et al, 2005;Asín et al, 2007;Hawerroth et al, 2012;Carra et al, 2016), in which shoot growth was significantly reduced in comparison with the untreated control treatments. The difference is that, in the present study, only a single P-Ca application was necessary to control shoot growth during the season in all years (Figure 2).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Fruit production parameters were also not affected by P-Ca application (Tables 2 and 3). However, a positive effect of P-Ca on pear fruit set has been reported (Costa et al, 2004;Smit et al, 2005), although not consistently (Sugar et al, 2004;Asín et al, 2007;Einhorn et al, 2014). Yield increase in response to P-Ca was observed in one out of three years of a study with 'd'Anjou' pear , but tends to vary according to cultivars and years (Smit et al, 2005;Asín et al, 2007;Hawerroth et al, 2011;Carra et al, 2016), indicating that several factors contribute to the effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prohexadione calcium on shoot growth of 'Starkrimson' pear trees

Pasa

Einhorn

2017

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the fruiting and vegetative growth of 'Starkrimson' pear in response to the application of prohexadione calcium (P-Ca). P-Ca (250 mg L -1 ) was sprayed to scaffold limbs and to whole trees in commercial orchards. A randomized complete block design was used to minimize declivity effects. Vegetative growth (length and number of shoots, increment in limb and trunk cross-sectional area, number of nodes, and internode length), production (fruit number, yield, yield efficiency, and fruit size), and return bloom were evaluated from 2010 to 2013. P-Ca efficiently controlled shoot growth in all growing seasons, when applied early in the season, due to the reduction in internode length. Production was not negatively affected by the application of P-Ca in all years and at both sites, and fruit size and return bloom were not reduced. Fruit quality attributes were also little affected by P-Ca, except for total soluble solids content, which was lower than that of the control. This shows that P-Ca is efficient to manage tree vigor in high-density 'Starkrimson' pear orchards.Index terms: Pyrus communis, modern orchard, plant growth regulator, vigor control. Prohexadiona cálcio no crescimento de ramos de pereiras 'Starkrimson'Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção e o crescimento vegetativo de peras 'Starkrimson' em resposta à aplicação de prohexadiona cálcio (P-Ca). Aplicou-se P-Ca (250 mg L -1 ) em ramificações laterais e em plantas inteiras, em pomares comerciais. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, para minimizar os efeitos da declividade do terreno. O crescimento vegetativo (comprimento e número de ramos, incremento da área da secção transversal dos ramos laterais e do tronco, número de nós e comprimento de entrenós), a produção (número de frutos, produtividade, eficiência produtiva e tamanho de fruto) e o retorno da floração foram avaliados de 2010 a 2013. P-Ca foi eficiente no controle do crescimento de ramos em todas as safras, quando aplicada no início do ciclo de crescimento, devido à redução no comprimento dos entrenós. A produção não foi afetada negativamente pela aplicação de P-Ca em todos os anos e em ambos os locais, e o tamanho de fruto e o retorno da floração não foram reduzidos. Os atributos de qualidade dos frutos também foram pouco afetados por P-Ca, exceto o teor de sólidos solúveis totais, que foi menor que o do controle. Assim, P-Ca é eficiente no manejo do vigor em pomares de alta densidade de peras 'Starkrimson'.Termos para indexação: Pyrus communis, pomares modernos, reguladores vegetais, controle de vigor.

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“…The results with P-Ca application show the effectiveness of this plant regulator to control vegetative growth of 'Shinseiki' pears. Several authors reported vegetative growth reduction in pear trees by using P-Ca (Costa et al, 2004;Rademacher, 2004;Smit et al, 2005;Hawerroth et al, 2012;Einhorn et al, 2014;Carra et al, 2016). Moreover, the association of RP with P-Ca application did not result in additional vegetative growth control, when compared to P-Ca used alone (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Control of the vegetative growth of 'Shinseiki' pear trees by prohexadione calcium and root pruning

Carra

Fachinello²,

Abreu

et al. 2017

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of prohexadione calcium (P-Ca) and root pruning (RP) on the control of the vegetative growth and on fruit production and quality of 'Shinseiki' pear trees, under the climatic conditions of Southern Brazil. The experiment was conducted during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons, in a 15-year-old orchard of 'Shinseiki' pear trees, trained to a central-leader system, with a 2x5 m spacing between plants, grafted onto Pyrus calleryana rootstock. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, with six treatments and four replicate. The treatments consisted of the control (without P-Ca application or RP), two P-Ca rates (300 and 600 mg L -1 ), two root pruning intensities (performed on one or on both sides of the tree), and root pruning on one side + 300 mg L -1 P-Ca. P-Ca reduced vegetative growth more effectively than RP, in both crop seasons, and the combination of both techniques did not result in additional control of the vegetative growth, compared with P-Ca alone. Vegetative growth was not affected by increasing the rates of P-Ca. The highest P-Ca dose negativelly affected fruit yield. Regarding fruit quality, RP increases the total soluble solids content at harvest.Index terms: Pyrus pyrifolia, fruit quality, growth regulators, high-density orchard, vegetative vigor, yield components. Controle do crescimento vegetativo de pereiras 'Shinseiki' por prohexadiona de cálcio e poda de raizResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da prohexadiona de cálcio (P-Ca) e da poda de raiz (PR) no controle do crescimento vegetativo e na produção e na qualidade dos frutos de pereiras 'Shinseiki', sob condições climáticas do Sul do Brasil. O experimento foi realizado durante as safras de 2013/2014 e 2014/2015, em pomar de pereiras 'Shinseiki' com 15 anos de idade, conduzido em líder central, com espaçamento de 2x5 m entre plantas, enxertadas em porta-enxerto Pyrus calleryana. O experimento foi realizado em blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram na testemunha (sem aplicação de P-Ca e sem PR), em duas doses de P-Ca (300 e 600 mg L -1 ), em duas intensidades de poda de raiz (realizada em um ou nos dois lados da planta) e na poda de raiz em um lado da planta + 300 mg L -1 de P-Ca. A P-Ca reduziu o crescimento vegetativo mais efetivamente do que a PR, em ambas as safras, e a combinação de ambas as técnicas não resultou em controle adicional do crescimento vegetativo, em comparação à P-Ca utilizada sozinha. O crescimento vegetativo não foi influenciado pelo incremento nas doses de P-Ca. A maior dose de P-Ca afetou negativamente a produtividade de frutos. Quanto à qualidade de frutos, a PR aumenta o teor de sólidos solúveis totais na colheita.Termos para indexação: Pyrus pyrifolia, qualidade de fruto, fitorreguladores, pomar adensado, vigor vegetativo, componentes da produção.

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Prohexadione-Ca Controls Vegetative Growth and Cropping Performance in Pear

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

‘D’Anjou’ Pear Shoot Growth and Return Bloom, but Not Fruit Size, Are Reduced by Prohexadione-Calcium

‘D’Anjou’ Pear Shoot Growth and Return Bloom, but Not Fruit Size, Are Reduced by Prohexadione-Calcium

Prohexadione calcium on shoot growth of 'Starkrimson' pear trees

Control of the vegetative growth of 'Shinseiki' pear trees by prohexadione calcium and root pruning

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