Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and the spectrum of JC virus-related disease

Cortese, Irene; Reich, Daniel S.; Nath, Avindra

doi:10.1038/s41582-020-00427-y

Cited by 210 publications

(313 citation statements)

References 198 publications

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“…The disease is triggered by a JCV that selectively damages the oligodendrocytes, causing demyelination. Therapy with monoclonal antibody treatment or other immunomodulatory drugs, generally applied to MS patients, has also been used for PML treatment [ 72 ].…”

Section: Demyelinating Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol and Other Cannabinoids in Demyelinating Diseases

Navarrete¹,

García‐Martín²,

Rolland³

et al. 2021

IJMS

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A growing body of preclinical evidence indicates that certain cannabinoids, including cannabidiol (CBD) and synthetic derivatives, may play a role in the myelinating processes and are promising small molecules to be developed as drug candidates for management of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI), which are three of the most prevalent demyelinating disorders. Thanks to the properties described for CBD and its interesting profile in humans, both the phytocannabinoid and derivatives could be considered as potential candidates for clinical use. In this review we will summarize current advances in the use of CBD and other cannabinoids as future potential treatments. While new research is accelerating the process for the generation of novel drug candidates and identification of druggable targets, the collaboration of key players such as basic researchers, clinicians and pharmaceutical companies is required to bring novel therapies to the patients.

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Section: Demyelinating Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol and Other Cannabinoids in Demyelinating Diseases

Navarrete¹,

García‐Martín²,

Rolland³

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Reactivation of VZV infections has also been reported with the use of rituximab 34 . Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) due to reactivation of John Cunningham virus (JC virus) infection is the most serious infectious complication of IS therapy, for which there is no effective vaccine or treatment currently available 35 . Three cases of PML have been reported in MG, one rituximab related, with prior use of other IS agents, and the others related to azathioprine, corticosteroids, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) 36 .…”

Section: Immunosuppression and Risk Of Infections In Individuals With Nmdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doctor—Should I get the COVID‐19 vaccine? Infection and immunization in individuals with neuromuscular disorders

2021

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The clinical course of neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) can be affected by infections, both in immunocompetent individuals, and in those with reduced immunocompetence due to immunosuppressive/immunomodulating therapies. Infections and immunizations may also trigger NMDs. There is a potential for reduced efficacy of immunizations in patients with reduced immunocompetence. The recent vaccination program for coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) raises several questions regarding the safety and efficacy of this vaccine in individuals with NMDs. In this Practice Topic article, we address the role of vaccine‐preventable infections in NMDs and the safety and efficacy of immunization in individuals with NMDs, with emphasis on vaccination against COVID‐19.

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“…BKPyV is associated with nephropathy in renal transplant recipients and hemorrhagic cystitis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [ 24 , 25 ]. JCPyV causes PML and few cases of JCPyV-associated nephropathy in renal transplant patients have been observed [ 26 – 28 ]. MCPyV is the cause of Merkel cell carcinoma, a neuroendocrine skin cancer [ 12 ], and TSPyV is the etiological factor of trichodysplasia spinulosa in immunodeficient patients [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPyV6 and HPyV7 in urine from immunocompromised patients

Prezioso

Ghelue

Moens

et al. 2021

Virol J

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Background Human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6) and HPyV7 are two of the novel polyomaviruses that were originally detected in non-diseased skin. Serological studies have shown that these viruses are ubiquitous in the healthy adult population with seroprevalence up to 88% for HPyV6 and 72% for HPyV7. Both viruses are associated with pruritic skin eruption in immunocompromised patients, but a role with other diseases in immunoincompetent patients or malignancies has not been established. Methods PCR was used to determine the presence of HPyV6 and HPyV7 DNA in urine samples from systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 73), multiple sclerosis (n = 50), psoriasis vulgaris (n = 15), arthritic psoriasis (n = 15) and HIV-positive patients (n = 66). In addition, urine from pregnant women (n = 47) and healthy blood donors (n = 20) was investigated. Results HPyV6 DNA was detected in 21 (28.8%) of the urine specimens from SLE patients, in 6 (9.1%) of the urine samples from the HIV-positive cohort, and in 19 (40.4%) samples from pregnant women. HPyV7 DNA was only found in 6 (8.2%) of the urine specimens from SLE patients and in 4 (8.5%) samples from pregnant women. No HPyV6 and HPyV7 viruria was detected in the urine samples from the other patients. Conclusions HPyV6, and to a lesser extend HPyV7, viruria seems to be common in SLE and HIV-positive patients, and pregnant women. Whether these viruses are of clinical relevance in these patients is not known.

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Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and the spectrum of JC virus-related disease

Cited by 210 publications

References 198 publications

Cannabidiol and Other Cannabinoids in Demyelinating Diseases

Cannabidiol and Other Cannabinoids in Demyelinating Diseases

Doctor—Should I get the COVID‐19 vaccine? Infection and immunization in individuals with neuromuscular disorders

HPyV6 and HPyV7 in urine from immunocompromised patients

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